GREEK CATHOLICS IN AMERICA 203 



who have constantly employed their tongue and pen in the edu- 

 cation and improvement of their fellow-countrymen in this 

 country. There is, however, no religious order of women of 

 the Greek Rite, nor any association whatever of women de- 

 voted to church service in the United States, nor has any at- 

 tempt been made so far, either on the part of the clergy or 

 laity, to establish here anything of the kind. 



In addition to the Ruthenian Greek Catholics in the United 

 States, there are a large number of them in Canada. They 

 are principally settled in the provinces of Manitoba, Alberta 

 and Saskatchewan, where they have devoted themselves to 

 agricultural pursuits. It is said that a Ruthenian often works 

 hard in the United States, saves up his money, and emigrates 

 to Canada, where he can obtain cheap land under the home- 

 stead acts. There is besides a considerable direct immigration 

 from Galicia and Hungary, but the majority of the Canadian 

 Ruthenians are Galicians. Their first church (St. Nicholas) in 

 Canada was built about 1900 ai Winnipeg by the Basilian 

 monks who are in charge of the Greek missions of the north- 

 west. The Very Rev. Platonides Filas, O.S.B.M., who is now 

 ( 1909) the superior of the order in Galicia, was the first mis- 

 sionary sent there. Afterwards, in 1905, another church (St. 

 Josaphat) was built at Edmonton. Later on a monastery was 

 established in Winnipeg, with a branch at Monaster, Alberta. 

 From these central points, there are now (1909) over sixty 

 missionary stations established with small Greek chapels at 

 Oaknook, Swan River, Barrows, Ethelbert, Garland, Grand 

 View, Minatonas, Yorkton, Beaverdale, Rabbit Hill, Star, La- 

 ment, Nundare and Skaro. In this section the Ruthenians 

 have to contend with the Russian Orthodox missions, which 

 are well provided for, and with certain schismatics from the 

 Russian Orthodox known as the "Seraphimites," or inde- 

 pendent Grseco-Russian Church. There are three missionary 

 communities of the Basilian monks : at Winnipeg, Edmonton 

 and Monaster. The Greek clergy in Canada consist of eight 

 monks and four secular priests. The number of Ruthenian 

 Greek Catholics is between 45,000 and 50,000, widely scattered 

 through these north-west territories. In Canada there is a reli- 

 gious order of women of the Greek Rite, the Servants of Mary 

 (14 in number), whose mother-house is in Lemberg, Galicia. 

 They have schools at Winnipeg, Edmonton, Monaster, and in 



