SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS, 203 



year quite a number of judgments is given out having to do 

 with the peculiarities of objects which surprise or impress the 

 mind, their altered position in space, &c. Among these may 

 be instanced the following : ' Dat a big bow-wow ' (That is a 

 large dog); ' Dit naughty' (Sister is naughty); 'Dit dow 

 ga * (sister is down on the grass). As the observing powers 

 grow, and the child's interest in things widens, the number 

 of his judgments increases. And as his powers of detaching 

 relations and of uttering and combining words develop, he 

 ventures on more elaborate statements, e.g. * Mama naughty 

 say dat' " * 



Were it necessary, I could confirm all these statements 

 from my own notes on the development of children's intelli- 

 gence ; but I prefer, for the reason already given, to quote 

 such facts from an impartial witness. For I conceive that 

 they are facts of the highest importance in relation to our 

 present subject, as I shall immediately proceed to show. 



We have now before us unquestionable evidence that in 

 the growing child there is a power, not only of forming, but of 

 expressing a pre-conceptual judgment, long before there is 

 any evidence of the child presenting the faintest rudiment of 

 internal, conceptual, or true self-consciousness. In other words, 

 it must be admitted that long before a human mind is suffi- 

 ciently developed to perceive relations as related, or to state 

 a truth as true, it is able to perceive relations and to state a 

 truth : the logic of recepts is here concerned wnth those higher 

 receptual judgments which I have called pre-conceptual, and 

 is able to express such judgments in verbal signs without the 

 intervention of true {i.e. introspective) self-consciousness. It 

 will be remembered that I have coined these various terms in 

 order to acknowledge the possible objection that there can be 

 no true judgments without true self-consciousness. But I do 

 not care what terms are employed whereby to designate the 

 different and successive phases of development which I am 

 now endeavouring to display. All that I desire to make clear 

 is that here we unquestionably have to do with a groivth, or 

 ♦ Lcc. cii., pp. 435, 436. 



