GLOSSARY. 



pair at right angles with the pre- 

 ceding. 



Bract. Floral leaf; a leaf near the 

 flower,different from the other leaves 

 of the plant. 



Branchlet. Subdivision of a branch, 

 twig. 



Brumales. Plants which blossom in 

 winter. 



Bulbs. Called roots ; sometimes grow- 

 ing on the stem ; bulbs are buds, or 

 winter residence of future plants. 

 Annual plants have no bulbs j they 

 are preserved by seeds. 



Caducous. Falling off early ; as the 

 calyx of the poppy. 



Calcareous. Containing lime ; as shells 

 of oysters, etc. 



Calyx. Greek, signifying afloicer-cup; 

 in most plants it encloses and sup- 

 ports the corolla. 



Calumella. The central pillar in a 

 capsule or fruit of any kind. 



Capillary. Hair-like. 



Capitate. Growing in heads. 



Capsule. Little chest ; kind of hollow 

 seed vessel which becomes dry and 

 opens when ripe. 



Cartilage, gristle, tough substance be- 

 tween bones, etc. 



Carbonic Acid, a gas formed by the 

 combination of carbon with oxygen, 

 carbureted, this gas with hydrogen. 



Carbonate, a salt formed by the union 

 of carbonic acid with an earthly or 

 mellatic base ; carboniferous, par- 

 taking of carbon. 



Carniverous, eating flesh. 



Carpel. Divisions of the fruit. Each 

 carpel generally forms a distinct 

 cell. 



Caucasian, derived from or belong- 

 ing to Caucasus or the Caucasian 

 mountains, where the white Euro- 

 peans and Americans are supposed 

 to have originated, and hence dis- 

 tinguished from other races of men. 



Caulii. Main, herbage-bearing stem 

 of plants. 



Cellular. Made up of cells or cavities. 



Cerealia. Grain from which bread is 

 made. (From Ceres, goddess of 

 corn.) 



Chaffy. Made up of short membranous 

 portions, like chaff. 



Chlorine, a gas obtained by mixing 



muriatic acid in a flask with half 

 its weight of powdered per oxide of 

 manganese, and applying moderate 

 heat ; it is the best bleaching sub- 

 stance with water. 



Chorion. Clear liquor contained in a 

 seed at the time of flowering. After 

 the pollen is received, this liquor 

 becomes a perfect embryo of a new 

 plant. 



Chronic, long continued. 



Chyle, the white nutritive fluid secreted 

 by the lacteal vessels and conveyed 

 to the blood. 



Ciliate. Fringed with parallel hairs. 



Cirrose. Bearing tendrils. 



Citrate, a salt compound of citric acid, 

 (the acid of lemon or lime juice,) 

 and a base. 



Claw. The narrow part by which a 

 petal is inserted. 



Cleft. Split, or divided less than half 

 way. 



Coagulate, to curdle, turn into a clot. 

 coagulum, thick mass, clotted. 



Climbing. Ascending by tendrils, as 

 granes; by leaf-stalks, as the Cle- 

 matis ; by cauline radicles or fibrous 

 roots, as the creeping ivy. 



Collinus. Growing on hills. 



Coloured. Different from green ; in 

 botany, green is not a colour. White 

 in reality is not a colour, but is so 

 called in botany-. There are 16 

 primary and intermediate colours 

 in botany. White is most common 

 in roots, sweet berries, and petals of 

 spring flowers. Black, in roots and 

 seeds. Yellow, in anthers, and pe- 

 tals of compound flowers. Red, in 

 the petals of summer flowers and 

 acid fruits. Blue and violet, in the 

 petals. Green, in leaves and calyx. 



Column. The filaments in gynandrous 

 plants united with the style ; the 

 whole is a column. 



Comparative Physiology, the natural 

 functions of animals or plants as 

 compared with man. 



Coma. A tuft of bracts on the top of 

 a spike of flowers. Como/te. Ses- 

 sile bracts. 



Compound. Made up of similar sim- 

 ple parts. flowers are in the class 

 Syngenesia, having florets with 

 united anthers. 



