1847.] 



Hydraulics for Far, 



311 



the feeding reservoir; and the escape of the waste water will not 

 impede the working of the valve, for I have made it work at a 

 depth of two feet under water by simply lightning the escape 

 valve at H, of a part of its weight. A fall of five or six feet, is 

 amply sufficient for all ordinary purposes. This will give a pow- 

 er of fourteen pounds to the square inch, if merely the dead pres- 

 sure be taken into consideration, but a much greater power if the 

 momentum of the descending column of water be calculated." 



" My first machine" continues Mr. S., " was made entirely of 

 wood, including the air vessel, and worked well. But when the 

 syphon was applied and the descending current set the valves in 

 motion, so great was the power obtained that the machine burst 

 with an explosion like that of a swivel. The perpendicular height 

 of the syphon when this experiment was tried, might have been 

 about ten or twelve feet. Another put together more strongly, 

 with cross bolts and rivets of iron, withstood the pressure, although 

 the water was forced through the pores of the wood and stood 

 like dew on the outside." 



Experimental Ram. 



In order to illustrate the capacity or the 

 power of the Hydraulic Ram to raise wa- 

 ter at different heights, we give the fol- 

 lowing diagram, which we take from the 

 "American Agriculturist." 



" The experimental machine we ex- 

 amined," says the editor, " was made by 

 one of our subscribers, as the piece A, of 

 cast-iron pipe, 2 inches in the bore, and a- 

 bout 2 feet long, having two flanch nozzels 

 cast on it, B and C. One end of the pipe 

 was closed, and the other open,with a flanch 

 to connect it, about 35 feet of two inch cast 

 or wrought iron pipe E. The other end of 

 the pipe E led to an open water cask, F, 

 placed seven feet a- 

 bove the ram, and this 

 cask was supplied by 

 a hose, at the rate of 

 eight gallons per min- 

 ute. Of course the 

 fall from the level of 

 the water in the cask, 

 is equal to a fall of 

 seven feet, with a 

 stream giving eight 

 gallons per minute." 



Experimental Ram— Fig. 



