108 Extracts. [August, 



preventing the immediate contact of the two liquids; the sulphate 

 of iron thus floats above the sulphate of copper, and the apparatus 

 fullils all that is required. At a temperature of 60° Fah. 1073 

 feet of surface will receive 14,444 grs. of copper in 24 hours per- 

 fectly pure, and immediately fit for hammering or passing through 

 the rolling mill. This manufacture of copper presents no difficul- 

 ties, requires no refining, and gives no scoria. The patentees 

 consider that as a metallurgical result, 50 per cent of the copper 

 is obtained in sheets; 25 per cent in fragments which require 

 fusion; and 25 per cent in powder requiring subsequent refining. 

 The application of galvanism to smelting appears to be reduced 

 to the simplest form, and electrotypes on the largest scale can be 

 obtained. 



EXTRACTS— DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN. 



The following article extracted from the Journal of Agriculture, 

 and the Transactions of the Highland Agricuhural Society of 

 Scotland, may not be precisely adapted to the system of farming 

 in this country; yet it contains much which may be profitable to 

 every thinking farmer, and may lead also to improved modes of 

 culture. 



Chopping Fallow^s. By the late Mr. Main, Chelsea. — Fal- 

 lowino- arable land for the purpose of ameliorating or clearing off 

 weeds, or resting it for a few years after a course of severe crop- 

 ping, are two of the oldest practices incident to field husbandry. 

 In the early history of the Jewish nation, we learn that resting the 

 arable land at stated periods was enjoined by their legislature; 

 and ever since, the same customs have been followed in every 

 modern system of agriculture, exxept in such populous countries 

 as China, where no weeds are sulfercd to grow at any time, or as 

 in certain districts of high-rented land in this country, where con- 

 tinual hand-weeding of every crop checks the increase of weeds, 

 and renders summer fallows unnecessary, as is exemplified in the 

 large market garden farms in the neighborhood of London, whet'e 

 every plow^ and harrow are followed by a troop of women and 

 children, who pick up every root weed they can find. Weeds 

 naturally arise in every crop, and if not destroyed, increase in 

 number'in every following one, till at last they gain possession of 

 the whole surf'ace; in which case a fallow is the only remedy. 

 On the other hand, if land has been exhausted by long and re- 

 peated annual cropping, it is recruited by being laid down to pas- 

 ture for a few years, in order to be again broken up at a suitable 

 time. On this' practice of having land alternately under the plow 



