K R E E MARTINS. 67 



it began to contract into a small canal which passed on to the di- 

 vision of the uterus into two horns, each horn passed along the 

 edge of the broad ligament, latterly toward the ovarm. 



" At the termination of these horns were placed both the ovaria 

 and the testicles. Both were neai'ly of the same size, which was 

 about as large as a small nutmeg. To the ovaria I could not find 

 any fallopian tube. 



" To the testicles were vasa deferentia^ but they were imperfect. 

 The left one did not come near the testicle ; the right one only 

 came close to it, but did not terminate in the body called the epi- 

 didymis. They were both pervious and opened into the vagina 

 near the opening of the urethra. 



" On the posterior surface of the bladder, or between the uterus 

 (womb) and bladder, near the two bags called vesicula seminales 

 in the male, but much smaller than they are in the bull, the 

 ducts opened along with the vasa deferentia. This animal then 

 had a mixture of all the parts, but all of them were imperfect." 



Mr. Hunter also states that in external form they bore a marked 

 resemblance to the ox. 



Free martins, however, even when barren, are not always her- 

 maphrodites ; they may be simply deficient in the sexual organs 

 peculiar to the female. In this case their form is not necessarily 

 masculine, yet it is so in the majority of instances. 



About a year since I examined a free martin of this descrip- 

 tion, reared by Frederick I. Betts, Esq. of this place, (Newburgh). 

 She was about three years old, and in external form and appear- 

 ance presented nothing different from other cows. She manifested 

 the sexual propensities, even to a greater degree than usual ; in- 

 deed she was almost constantly in season ; yet she never became 

 pregnant, although faithfully tried. 



In the structure of the internal organs of generation, there was 

 no mixture of male parts, but a very marked departure from the 

 natural structure of the female. 



The vagina externally presented the usual appearance of a heifer 

 which had never borne a calf. It passed on, as in the heifer ex- 

 amined by Mr. Hunter, to the opening of the urethra, when it 

 begun io contract into a small canal, which passed on for six inch- 

 es, where it terminated in a closed sac, one inch from the mouth 

 of the uterus. 



