212 QUARTERLY JOURNAL, 



island. Farther, the time lost by the lateness of the spring, ap- 

 pears to be made up in the fall. With scarcely an exception for 

 the last fifteen years, the first killing frost in autumn has occurred 

 much later at Easthampton, than at any other place in the state 

 which has been reported. The average time has been a full month 

 later than the average of the state, and nearly three weeks later 

 than at Jamaica or Flatbush. 



2d District — The valley of the Hudson. In this district, ob- 

 servations have been made at Mount-Pleasant, North-Salem, Go- 

 shen, Montgomery, INewburgh, Poughkeepsie, Kingston, Redhook, 

 Hudson, Kinderhook, Albany, Lansingburgh, Cambridge, Salem 

 and Granville. The mean temperature of Albany is found to be 

 1^.98 higher than the mean temperature of the state, as deter- 

 mined by observations for fifteen years. The extreme summer 

 heat of this valley is greater by several degrees than in any other 

 section of the state, and particularly has the thermometer risen 

 higher at Montgomery, Poughkeepsie and Lansingburgh ; and the 

 latter place is equally remarkable for the extremes of cold in the 

 winter. Kinderhook is also remarkable for its extreme cold in 

 winter. North-Salem is subject to early frosts, having occurred 

 there ten days sooner than the average of the state, and more than 

 fourteen earlier than in the valley of the Hudson generally. As 

 we ascend the Hudson, the opening of spring becomes gradually 

 later, the difference between New-York and Albany being about a 

 week. The climate at Cambridge, Salem and Granville, becomes 

 more rigid both from elevation and latitude. The extreme cold of 

 winter is more intense by 10^, than at any other place on the Hud- 

 son south of Lansingburgh, and the spring opens several days 

 later. 



3d District — Valley of the Mohawk. Locations at which obser- 

 vations have been made, are Schenectady, Johnstown, Canajo- 

 harie, Fairfield, Utica, Whitesborough. AtUtica the temperature 

 due to latitude and elevation is 46° .20, and the mean temperature 

 is one degree less than the mean of the state, and at Fairfield it is 

 2°. 98 less. 



The average mean temperature of this valley is lower by one 

 degree than the average of the state. The winds of this valley 

 have been shown by Mr. Coffin to be more northerly at Utica and 

 Whitesborough than in other parts of the Mohawk valley. At 



