AGRICULTURAL GEOLOGY. 183 



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or elevation, none of the ordinary products fail of returning good 

 crops, when well cultivated. 



The climate of this region will be better understood by giving 

 the results of observations, commencing in the north at Granville, 

 Washington county, lat. 43° 20''. Its elevation is estimated at 600 

 feet above tide. Its mean temperature, as observed, is 46°. 03. Its 

 mean tem|)erature due to latitude and elevation, is 45°. 41. This 

 gives 0.46 lower temperature tiian the mean for the State of New- 

 York. 



Salem, 18 miles south of Granville, lat. 43° 20'. The observed 

 mean temperature is 45° .54. Temperature which is due to latitude 

 and elevation, 45°. 59. This result is 1°.35 less than the mean for 

 he State. 



We select, in the next place, a town upon the eastern verge of 

 ihe district, viz Williamstown (Mass.), lat. 42° 43'. Elevation 800 

 "eat above tide. ]\Iean temperature, as observed, 45°. 59. Calcu- 

 ated temperature, 48°. 16. 



Lansingburgh, which is nearly west from Williamstown, on the 

 ixtreme western verge of the district, is the next place at which 

 )bservations have been made. Elevation, 30 feet above tide. Mean 

 emperature, as observed, 48°. 17. Due to latitude and elevation, 

 17°. 96. 



Poughkeepsie, on the east bank of the Hudson, lat. 41° 4V, and 

 slevated 50 feet above tide. Mean temp., as observed, 50°. 74. 

 )ue to latitude and elevation, 49°. 67. 



The last and most southern point to which our observations are 

 ntended to extend, is Mount-Pleasant, in lat. 41° 09', and elevated 

 125 feet above tide. Temperature, as observed, 50°. 08. Due to 

 atitude and elevation, 50°. 30. 



The difference of mean temperature, as observed, between the 

 nost northerly and southerly points of observation, is 4°. 94, within 

 I range of latitude of 2° 1 1'. 



Several of the places in the range of our observation are noted for 

 lie extremes of heat and cold, or for the wide range of the thermo- 

 neter ; and some are noted for early frosts, which in ^ome places 

 ire ten days earlier than at others. North-Salem, Kinderhook and 

 'eii jansingburgh experience frosts earlier by ten days than does the 

 alley of the Hudson generally ; and the opening of spring, too, is 

 nany days later at the former places. These latter considerations are 



