326 QUARTERLY JOURNAL. 



instead of twice. This, he was fully convinced, was a most injurious 

 practice. In the first place, ploughing disturbed the manure buried 

 with the turf which had been turned over, and permitted the volatile 

 and nourishing gases, the essence as it were of the manure, to 

 escape ; and the process of hilling brought the roots too much 

 exposed to the sun, and permitted too much moisture to gather 

 round their extremities. In the next, ploughing cut off a great many 

 of the little roots, which were all-important in the process of nutri- 

 tion. His plan was to first prepare the ground well; manure it 

 plentifully ; plant the corn in hills about three feet apart, and six or 

 eight seeds in each, not forgetting to manure the seed in each hill 

 very powerfully. When it had fairly come up, he put in his cul- 

 tivator, an excellent affair of his own invention ; then hoed again ; 

 pulled out all but three or four stalks in each hill, and again applied 

 the cultivator — sometimes a third time. He always cut his corn 

 close to the ground. 



Dr. Underhill agreed that the cultivator was much belter than the 

 plow : too much ploughing and hilling was very injurious. There 

 was no danger of manuring corn too much. He stated that common 

 bog swamp could be turned into excellent corn land, by first drain- 

 ing, cutting down the bogs, and then applying a light coat of four 

 or five inches of sand ; silex being a necessary constituent in the 

 production of corn, especially in the stalk, enabling it to stand. 

 From swamp land thus prepared, he had gathered eighty-five bu- 

 shels of corn to the acre. As to cutting up corn at the roots, that 

 had long been decided. Judge Buel had discovered, several years 

 ago, that seven or eight per centum was gained in the grain by this, 

 while the stalks were worth three times the money, six or seven 

 tons of excellent fodder being produced from every acre. 



Some farther remarks were made by different gentlemen, in re- 

 gard to modes of cullivalion, manure, preserving from crows, etc. 

 etc.; and some fine pear grafts, inserted in the roots of the pear 

 tree, and some Isabella grape cuttings, were exhibited by Mr. Kel- 

 sey. The subject for the next general discussion was then announced, 

 the treatment of root crops for soiling ; and the Club adjourned. 



[From the Philadelphia Gazette.] 



THE WEALTH OF A NATION. 



We find the following excellent article on this subject in the Mas- 

 sillon (Ohio) Gazette of the 4th instant : 



The wealth of a nation arises from the labor of its people, directed 

 by intelligence : 19,000,000 of inhabitants in the United States, if 

 they earn on an average 50 cents per day, obtain for 300 days an 

 annual aggregate productive labor of 2,850 millions of dollars. 

 Enormous as this sum may appear, it is not less the result of mere 

 arithmetical computation ; and in this we find the true secret of the 



