SPIRIT OF THE MONTHLIES. 347 



Diseases and insects. Apple trees, the first and second years, are 

 very subject to mildew, the attacks of lice, and a small green fly, 

 wl<ich olten do tiicm great injury by cliccking iheir growth. For the 

 destruction of the first, we recommend strewing lime and charcoal, 

 mixed m equal quantities, along each side of the rows of the seed- 

 lings ; and for the second, sprinkle snufT all over the leaves, or a 

 mixture of sulphur, soot, and fish oil. 



If in a good soil, and well taken care of, the trees will grow from 

 two to three feet high the first season. Treat them the second year 

 in the same way as the first. 



Taking up and securing the trees. If the trees have had a good 

 growth the first season, they will be large enough the following 

 winter for grafting ; if not, they must remain till the second fall. 

 To prepare them for grafting, they should be taken up before the 

 ground freezes. To do this with facility, run a plow down each side 

 of the rows, turning away the soU from them, and then pull out the 

 trees carefully by hand ; or let two men go down on opposite sides 

 of the row, and thrust their spades into the ground near it, loosen- 

 ing the soil and somewhat lifting it up, while a third person follows 

 and pulls out the trees. After this, tie the trees together in moderate 

 sized bundles, and put them into a glass-lighted cellar, or anyplace 

 where they will be secure from frost or drying up of the roots, 'i'he 

 cellar bottom must be of a dry soil. Here dig trenches, and place 

 the roots of the trees in these, in bundles, and cover up till wanted. 

 Or, if the roots can be kept moist by wrapping them in moss or any 

 other way, it will answer, though covermg them with earth is the 

 safest and best method. 



Grafting. As one has time during the winter, these bundles of 

 trees may be taken from the trenches and grafted. From one to tour 

 roots may be cut from each tree, dependant entirely upon its growth, 

 and still leave enough for the support of the stock taken up. This 

 should be closely trimmed and cut otf about two feet from the root, 

 to be set out the following spring, to be budded in August, Now 

 cut the grafts as wanted, and use ribands made in the following man- 

 ner for bandages : Take common cotton cloth, and cut it crosswise 

 into pieces six inches wide ; on one side of these pieces, spread 

 grafting wax, composed of I lb. beeswax, 1 lb. rosin, and 2 lbs. 

 lallow : then cut these pieces parallel with their width, into ribands 

 half an inch wide. 



The most simple method of grafting, and as sure as any, when 

 the roots are so small, is the splice or whip method. Some adopt 

 cleft-grafting, and do not use wax or binding ; but as the graft by 

 this method is very apt to get displaced, we cannot recommend it. 



After management. Take the trees after they are grafted, and put 

 them into boxes of any convenient size six inches deep, and fill the 

 same up with moist sand or light loam all around the roots, taking 

 care to leave the top of the scion out a little above the earth. These 

 boxes should now be taken to the green-house, and set in a shady 



VOL. II. NO. II, W 



