130 Extracts from the Journals. [Jan., 



1. Wheat of warm climates has more gluten, is harder, and less 

 easy to grind. The difference between the two, in climates not 

 very distant, may be safely calculated thus: 



Warm Climate. Cold Climate. 



98.58 100.49 



2. The gluten of wheat may be increased by the character of 

 the manure used, thus: 



Wheat, average crop, Gluten 19. 



" raised on soil manured w^ith ox blood, " 34.24 



" " " " " human faeces, " 33.94 



« " " " " human urine, " 35. 1 



" " " " " horse manure, " 13.68 



" " " " " cow manure, " 11.96 



From so much of the above facts as show how far climate va- 

 ries the quantity of gluten, it results that there is a great advan- 

 tage in Alabama wheat over the Northern. Now what is this 

 advantage as applied to practical purposes. I will explain. 



Tw^o pounds of Cincinnati flour were weighed out, and to it 

 was added one quaiter of a pound of yeast. Tw^o pounds of 

 McAlroy's (Alabama) flour M'eighed, and in a like manner was 

 added one quarter of a pound of yeast — both were accurately 

 weighed in the same scales and at the same time, and both made 

 into loaves and baked in the same oven. The result was as fol- 

 lows: — The Cincinnati flour yielded a loaf weighing 3 lbs. — gain 

 33 per cent. McAlroy's flour yielded a loaf weighing 3.\ lbs. — 

 gain 55 per cent. ! The gain in Alabama flour 22 per cent. ! 

 Or, every five barrels of Alabama flour, is equal to six of North- 

 ern flour. 



But, says one, the Northern flour must be the better, because 

 look at the loaf; it is whiter and lighter. True, but let it be re- 

 membered, that this difference with respect to whiteness, is the 

 difference in the preparation in grinding; and that of lightness, 

 is chiefly in the absence of gluten. The quantity of the flour 

 may be effected by the mode of preparation and grinding; but the 

 quantity of the several principles composing it, cannot. The 

 same quantity of starch, gluten, &c., must be retained, whether 

 the wheat be ground in a good or bad mill. — Exchange paper. 



