246 JVeiv Puhlications. [April, 



adaptation of soils, and how they may be brought into the condi- 

 tion to bear the crops which are the most profitable to raise. 

 Those of course will differ in different places; even a soil which 

 would bear good wheat might be, from location, more profitably 

 devoted to potatoes, meadow or grass, corn, etc. 2. In what way 

 labor may be most profitably directed, and how the proper ends 

 and objects of labor may be secured, and how much labor may 

 be expended with profit in securing a certain end, for after all a 

 thing which is desirable may cost too much; and, furthermore, 

 how much labor per day an hired laborer ought to perform. Now 

 these are points which neither algebra nor natural history, nor 

 chemistry, will teach a man, they must be obtained in the prac- 

 tical working of a private or public establishment; and for acquir- 

 ing these items of information we should prefer a private estab- 

 lishment; and however small these items may appear in the eyes 

 of some, they will be found essential and necessary to the man 

 who is intending to get his living and support from a farm. It 

 is, however, principally at a public institution that the several 

 branches of science must be acquired, it is only here, that facili- 

 ties are afforded by which progress can be made, and by which 

 much time may be saved. 



The fourth part of European Agriculture is devoted principally 

 to the different markets, including those for stock, cattle, grain 

 and meat markets, 



" The English farmers have great advantages in their markets 

 and exchanges; and in this matter, to s certain extent, we ought 

 to follow them. I do not say these markets are an unmixed 

 good; but the benefits arising from them, I am convinced, greatly 

 preponderate over the evils; and, taking advantage of the long 

 experience of others, some of these evils we may either remedy or 

 avoid. It would prove highly beneficial to our farmers if they 

 could have certain established markets for the sale of their pro- 

 duce when it is ready for sale; if prices could be fahly adjusted 

 and equalized; and especially if the markets could be for cash; 

 and that credit, in all cases excepting for very short periods, 

 could be abolished. It would be equally useful to them to know 

 where they could buy as well as where they could sell; for they 

 often w^ant lean or store stock for fattening, a change of seed for 



