158 Extracts from the Journals. puly, 



the water through the middle of the meadow. Lateral cuts from 

 this main ditch, with gates, distributed the water. 



20. Of the bottom lands mentioned, about twenty acres were 

 very wet, and may have come under the denomination of " low 

 peat lands." This land has been thoroughly drained, with ditches 

 from three to five feet deep. Very heavy oats were this year 

 raised upon some of this land, and about one-half of my corn 

 was upon this description of land. The next year, the whole 

 forty acres are to be planted or sown to oats. 



21. There have been four oxen, seventeen cows, and sixteen 

 head of store cattle, eighty sheep, eleven horses, and thirty-three 

 swine kept on the farm the past season, with the exception of a 

 short time. The cattle are either thorough bred, or high grade 

 short horns. 



22. I have made no accurate and careful experiments to test 

 the comparative vahie of different breeds of cattle. 



23. No account is kept of the butter and cheese made on the 

 farm, as it is mostly consumed on the premises. 



24. There have been but eighty sheep kept on the farm the 

 past season. My flock has recently been very much reduced, with 

 a view to substitute pure Merinos. My sheep yielded a little over 

 four pounds of wool each, for the whole flock. The pure Merino 

 ewes, each raised a lamb, and they averaged a little over five 

 pounds to the fleece. I think that about ninety lambs may be ex- 

 pected to be raised from one hundred ewes. I have heretofore 

 raised mutton sheep, but have disposed of all my sheep whose 

 chief value was for mutton, and intend to turn my attention to 

 the raising of wool, as the first consideration. Two dollars has been 

 about the average price I have received for mutton sheep fattened 

 on grass. 



25. There have been thirty-three swine, of grade Berkshire, 

 kept on the farm this year. About one-half of them have been 

 slaughtered. Our hogs weigh from two hundred and fifty to five 

 hundred, averaging over three hundred and fifty, when dressed. 



25. No accurate experiments have been made by me, to test 

 the value of roots as compared with Indian corn. I fatten my 

 hogs and cattle on corn ground with the cob ; cooked for hogs, 

 and sometimes cooked and sometimes raw for cattle, being go- 

 verned in this particular by the amount of grain I am feeding. I 

 think corn the most economical grain I can raise to feed, in view 

 of the prices coarse grains usually bring In market. 



27. There are about two hundred apple trees on the farm, most 

 of them grafted — spitzenbergs, russets, pippins, &c. — most of the 

 approved varieties. 



28. Pears, peaches, plums, cherries, quinces, &c., are raised in 

 abundance for oiu- own consumption j and we have many of the 



