88 CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA. 



Chinese name is said to be derived from j^ j^ (Yli-cliang), an 

 ancient name for Kiangsi, because the tree grows large and 

 abundant there. But it may as well have come from Chang- 

 chou-fu (f^ jj\ J^) in Fukien, as large quantities of camphor are 

 produced in that prefecture. The parts of the tree entering 

 into commerce are the twigs (Chang-ch'ai, ^^ ^), 22, the bark 

 (Chang-mu-p'i, f^ /f; j^), 23, an-d the seeds (Chang-mu- 

 tzu, f$ Tf; ^ ), 24. 



The part most largely used in Chinese medicine, as else- 

 where, is the steareopten, called ^^ fjj|^ (Chang-nao) when crude 

 and in flakes, or ^ |j^) )|: (Chang-nao-p'ien) when refined and 

 in cakes. Other names for this substance are j^ 1)^ (Ch'ao-nao) 

 and §3 U^ ( Shao-nao); these two terms being used in the north, 

 because the product came from Chaochoufu and Shaochoufu 

 in Kuangtung. It is produced by chipping the trunk, root, 

 and branches of the tree and boiling the chips in a covered 

 vessel lined with straw. The sublimed camphor condenses on 

 the straw, and is gathered in these impure flakes. Most of 

 what is found on the market in China is of this impure kind. 

 The Japanese camphor is purer than the Chinese, and is usually 

 packed in tubs for the foreign market, while the Chinese 

 article is packed in lead-lined chests. This latter is met with 

 on the market in granular lumps or grains of the color of dirty 

 snow, and having a strong terebinthinate odor, and a warm, 

 bitter, aromatic taste, with a somewhat cooling after taste. 

 It is not so strong as the foreign-prepared drug, but is more 

 volatile. It is employed by the Chinese as a diaphoretic, 

 carminative, sedative, anthelmintic, and anti-rheumatic remedy. 

 It is used on decayed and aching teeth, and is put into the 

 shoes to cure perspiring feet. Mixed with a species of 

 Za7ithoxybim called 1^ \)^ (Hua-chiao), and made into an 

 ointment with sesamum oil, it is used in the treatinent of favus 

 in children. It is also used in the manufacture of fire-works, 

 and to preserve clothing from the attacks of insects. However, 

 for this last named purpose it is not altogether in favor, as the 

 Chinese think that it injures the texture of fabrics, rendering 

 them more liable to tear. For Borneo or Baroos camphor, 

 see Dryobalanops camphora ; for ' ' Ngai ' ' camphor, see Bliimea 

 balsami/era. 



