272 CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA. 



and air passages, with beneficial properties as before. The 

 fifth grows on Changshan, has a saltish taste, acts specially on 

 the urinary organs, and is of equaly general value with the 

 others. The sixth comes from the Kaohsiashan (location not 

 known), is of a sweetish-cooling taste, acts on the bones and 

 ligaments, and has the general constructive properties of the 

 others. It is also recommended in deafness and hemorrhoids. 



Tf; 3 (Mu-erh) has been identified by some observers as 

 Exidia auricula judcs^ but the probability is rather in favor 

 of its being Auriciilaria^ even as its name implies, belonging 

 to the order of Auricular iales rather than to that of Tremal- 

 lales. Five species have already been mentioned in the article 

 on Exidia. Three others are given in the Pentsao, That 

 growing upon Ciidrajiia triloba^ X^ "^ (Che-erh), is employed 

 in the treatment of diseases of the respiratory organs, especially 

 hemoptysis and fetid expectoration. The one growing upon 

 Diervilla versicolor )^ j^ '^ (Yang-lu-erh), is employed to 

 scatter ecchymoses, and has the reputation of rendering the 

 blood fluid. The one growing upon Cunniiighamia sinensis 

 •)^ ^ (Shan-chiin), is reputed to relieve cardialgia. Still 

 another, growing upon Gleditschia chinensis^ !^ ^ W- (Tsao- 

 chia-hsin), is of high repute in scattering incipient abscesses 

 and in the treatment of diarrhoea due to cold. 



The ^ ^ (Hsiang-hsin) grows upon the Pa?ilownia, the 

 willow. Citrus fusca^ and Hovenia diilcis. It is of two colors ; 

 the purple being called ^ ^ (Hsiang-hsin) and the white 

 I^ ^ (Jou-hsin). The latter is the fleshy sort, and is probably 

 Boletus. They are said to benefit respiration, cure colds, and 

 purify the blood. A kind growing upon the pine tree is used 

 in the treatment of gonorrhoea. Another mushroom, known 

 as :^ :^ ^ (Ko-hua-ts'ai) and :^ ^ (Ko-ju), is red in color, 

 with a large, flat hymenium. It is used in the treatment of 

 excess in wine. A mushroom known as ^c 'i^ ^ (T'ien-hua- 

 hsin) and 5c ^ ^ (T'ien-hua-ts'ai), is fragrant, white in color, 

 and is regarded as a finely edible variety. It is considered to 

 be respiratory and anthelmintic. Another fleshy mushroom, 

 known as ^& ^ ^ (Mo-ku-hsin), grows upon the decaying 

 \vood of the mulberry and the paper-mulberry. It is tw'O or 

 three inches long, conical, small at the base and large at the 



