4o8 CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA. 



aromatic taste, and is given in all difficulties due to damp and 

 chill, including the thirty-six varieties of JU, (Feng), diseases of 

 the circulation, and general debility. The leaves are used as 

 a diaphoretic in fevers, the flowers in circulatory disturbances, 

 and the seeds in obstinate colds. The root is regarded as au 

 antidote to aconite poisoning. 



SINAPIS.— ^ (Chieh). The mustards grown in China 

 are mostly varieties of Sinapis jiincea. In the PeJilsao 

 there is an article on the general term given above, and one 

 on ^ ^ (Pai-chieh), 96, or j|g ^ (Hu-chieh), which is probably 

 Sinapis alba. Li Shih-chen speaks of the following kinds : — 

 ^ ^ (Ch'ing-chieh), also called %\ ^ (Tzu-chieh), which 

 from his description seems to be Sinapis nigra / ;:^ ^ (Ta- 

 chieh), which is either Sinapis ijiicgri/olia or Brassica cani- 

 pestris rutabaga ; .1 ^ (Ma-chieh) ; ^ ^ (Hua-chieh) ; ^ ^ 

 (Tzu-chieh) ; ^ ^ (Shih-chieh), which is also called || ^* 

 (La-chieh), ^. ^ (Ch'un-chieh), and ;g ^ (Hsia-chieh), accord- 

 ino- to-the season at which it is planted and eaten. Of these 

 varieties, w'hich seem to be iudigenous to China, the stalk 

 and leaves are used as a pot-herb, having carminative qualities. 

 The large leaved kinds are eaten, while the small leaved are 

 considered harmful. jNIedicinally, they are recommended as 

 corrective, digestive, and expectorant remedies. They are 

 also used as a stimulant application in toothache, varnish erup- 

 tions, and ulcers. The seeds have about the same properties, 

 and are used by preference as being more convenient. The 

 Pai-chieh is also called ^ ^ (Shu-chieh), because it was 

 introduced into Szechuan from Mongolia. It is extensively 

 cultivated for its stalk, leaves, and seeds. The stalk and 

 leaves are carm>inative. The seeds, as indeed the whole plant, 

 have about the same qualities as the other varieties have ; but 

 the Chinese endeavor to distinguish in favor of this. A strong 

 decoction of mustard, called ^ ^ (Chieh-chiang), was nrade 

 to be eaten with meat, and was much relished, as the Euro- 

 pean eats prepared mustard with his corned beef. 



SIPHONOSTEGIA CHINENSIS.— "^ M (An-lii), see 

 Artemisia keiskiana. jf Jt (Lou-lu), 756, see Echinops sphcerp' 



