VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 441 



relieve thirst, reduce fever, and to be useful in sunstroke. 

 The flowers and shells of the fruits are used for dyeing the 

 whiskers and hair, and as an astringent in fluxes. |^ ^ 

 (Fou-ling) is a name assigned to Trapa natans^ and refers to a 

 kind resembling the French water chestnut. 



TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS.— ^ ^ (Chi-li), 52. The 

 Erhya gives ^ (Tzii) as the classical name. It is the calthrop^ 

 and is found in many parts of China. On account of the spiny 

 character of the fruit it is called Jt fr (Chih-hsing), "prevent- 

 ing walking." There are two kinds, the common kind being 

 called ^ ^ ^ (Tu-chi-li) and another kind coming from 

 Shensi is called g ^ ^ (Pai-chi-li), 936, or ^ ^ ^ ^ (Sha- 

 yiian-chi-li), 1081, from the place from which it is brought. 

 The seeds of the ordinary kind are considered to be diuretic, 

 tonic, abortifacient, galactagogue, alterative, and anthelmintic. 

 They are used in spermatorrhoea, anaemia, in parturition, 

 coughs, purulent expectoration, and hemmorrhoids. The seeds 

 of the white kind are specially recommended in kidney difficul- 

 ties and spermatorrhoea. The flowers are recommended in 

 white leprosy, and a decoction of the shoots is used in scaly 

 and scabious skin diseases. 



TRICOMANES JAPONICUM.— ,1^ ^ (Wu-chiu). Other 

 names are '^ ^ (Shih-fa), '^ ^ (Shih-t'ai), ^ ^ (Shih-i), and 

 % j^ (Kuei-li). As usual with the Chinese in the case of 

 ferns, there is much confounding of genera and species. It is 

 used in fevers, bladder difficulties, jaundice, wounds, menor- 

 rhagia, and as a stimulant to the growth of hair. 



TRICOSANTHES MULTILOBA. —1^^ ^ (Kua-lou), 640. 

 It is probable that other species are included under this term, 

 as Tricosanthes kirilowii Q.n^ Tricosanthes japonica. The plant 

 is a sort of bryony, resembling Bryonia dioica. A classical 

 name is :^ ^ (Kuo-lo). Nearly every part of this plant is used 

 in medicine, but the principal products are the seeds, 640, the 

 rind of the fruit, 641, and the root. The brownish-yellow 

 dried rind of this fruit is met with in drug shops in broken, or 

 collapsed, pieces indicating a globular fruit of some three or 



