448 CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA. 



u. 



ULMUS CAMPESTRIS.— It (Yli). ^h\s \s U/??n/s sin- 

 ensis. x\lso called ^ |;f[ (Ling-yii), and the white variety is 

 called |.^ (Fen). Li Shih-chen says that there are very many 

 varieties o^ elm. The inner bark, 1554, is used in medicine, 

 and for this purpose is dried and »round up into a meal. This 

 meal is used for a variety of other purposes, among which is 

 the manufacture of incense sticks. A kind of paste was 

 formerly made of it, and in times of great scarcity the ground 

 bark, the leaves, and the membranous fruit are all used as food. 

 Demulcent, lenitive, diuretic and antifebrile properties are 

 attributed to it. It is applied with oil and vinegar to various 

 parasitic and porriginous eruptions. Poultices are made of it 

 also in caked breast, abscesses, and swellings. Advantages 

 are taken of its demulcent properties in diarrhoeas, bladder 

 difficulties, and gonorrhoea. The leaves of the elm are used 

 in the green state as a sort of pot-herb and are supposed to be 

 antilithic and counter-poisonous. A decoction is used as an 

 application to wine nose, and also in the treatment of bilious 

 difficulties. The flowers are used in the nervous affections of 

 children and their fevers. The kernels of the seeds are made 

 into a porridge and eaten, and are said to promote sleep, to 

 control menstrual discharges, and to be anthelmintic. An- 

 other kind of bark is found in the Customs Lists under the 

 name of ^ |t |^ (Hsiang-yii-p'i), 430. A fungus growing on 

 the elm tree, and called |ff '% (Yii-erh), is given in the Cus- 

 toms Lists as Iff W (Yii-mo), 1553. The last character is not 

 found in any of the dictionaries, and the entry must refer to 

 an exidiaceous growth referred to in the article on Fungi. 

 If so, it is an edible fungus, and has no special medical 

 properties. 



ULMUS MACROCARPA.— ^ % (VVu-i). The name 

 of the tree is |g (P'ien), which has been by some observers mis- 

 taken for Lindcra. Li Shih-chen says that there are two 

 varieties, but seems to confound one with the fruit of the com- 

 mon elm. The fruit of this species is used in medicine, and 



