466 CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA. 



All oil of ginger, ^ f^ (Cliiang-yu), 80, is made in Kiiang- 

 tung and used as a condiment Indian ginger, 1? — ^ ^ 

 (T'ien-chu-kan-cliiang), is also mentioned in the Pentsao in a 

 foot note to the present article. Kan-chiang is also called 

 I& X (Pai-chiang). 



ZIZANIA AQUATICA.— II (Ku). See Hydropyriim 

 latifoliiun. 



ZIZYPHUS JUJUBA.— ^ ^ (Suan-tsao). This is the 

 wild, spinous form oi ZisypJms vulgaris^ which in its cultivated 

 state has no spines. This wild form is a very thorny shrub, 

 producing small, spherical, sour, edible fruits, having a globular 

 pit. It is used for hedges. The dried, crushed, red drupes of 

 this and other rharanaceous trees are sold in the shops under the 

 name of ^ iJ (Tsao-p'i), 1337, and ^ |^ (Tsao-jou), 1336, and 

 these are said to be stomachic and tonic. The kernels of these 

 fruits and also of Rhamjius soporifer^ if indeed these are not the 

 same, are sold under the name of ^ ^ t (Suan-tsao-jen), 1205. 

 As the name Stian-tsao is also used for Diospyros lotus^ it may 

 be that these refer also to the kernels of that fruit. They are 

 used as sedatives. From the fact that the tree grows in the 

 mountains it is sometimes also called [i| ^ (Shan-tsao). The 

 fruits are considered cooling, anodyne, and tonic. If eaten 

 frequently, they are said to increase the flesh and strength. 

 They are recommended in rheumatic difficulties and especially 

 in sleeplessness, whether from weakness or from pain. 



ZIZYPHUS VULGARIS.— S (Tsao). This is the com- 

 mon cultivated J2ijiibe. It is grown in different parts of China, 

 and has been cultivated from most ancient times. Those 

 growing in the north are known as ^b $ (Pei-tsao), and those 

 in the South as ^ ^ (Nan-tsao). The green dates are said to 

 produce fever, and those who are in low flesh should not eat 

 them. The large dates, -j^ ^ (Ta-tsao), are also called ^ ^ 

 (Kan-tsao), H ^ (Mei-tsao), and '%^ ^ (Liang-tsao). They 

 are much used in medicine, especially in the preparation of 

 pill masses and confections. They are considered nourishing, 

 beneficial to the viscera, tonic, quieting, and laxative. They 



