486 CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA. 



Essence of Brunella zmlgaris^ ^ \l\ "^ ^ (Hsia-ku-ts'ao- 

 lu), is used in scrofulous glands and corroding ulcers. 



Essence of Eriobotrya leaves^ \^ \^ ^- ^ (P'i-p'a-yeh-lu), 

 is a remed}^ in coughs and lung diseases. 



Essence of Chanioniile^ [I* ^ 1^3^ ^ (Kan-chii-hua-lu), is a 

 stimulant and sedative in headaches, dizziness, and colds. 



EUPHOLIA LITCHL — II ti, (Lung-li). This is found 

 in Faber's list. E^ipholia is the same as Nepheliitm^ and the 

 drug is mentioned under Nepheliiim Sp. (which see). It is 

 probably not the lichee, but an allied species or variety. 



tSt- 



EXTRACTS.— li ^ % (Yao-kao-lei). The character 

 is used equally for an extract and a plaster. ^ ^ also 

 means opium ; but this is in line with its meaning of extract. 

 In practice, there is not much difference to the Chinese 

 between an extract and a pill mass ; many of their extracts 

 being administered as pills. However, there are a few of 

 their extracts, simple and compound, that ought to be men- 

 tioned. 



Extract of Ginsengs A :# ^ (Jen-shen-kao). This is a 

 watery extract made by fractionally decocting ginseng in 

 water, and evaporating to a pasty consistency in a silver or 

 porcelain vessel. The extract is kept in a closely sealed vessel 

 until wanted for use, when it is combined with decoctions of 

 other drugs, to bring out its tonic and constructive properties. 

 Marvelous stories are told as to how this extract saved the lives 

 of those in extremis. 



Extract of Aristolochia reciirvilabra^ ^ ;|l ^ (Pai-shu- 

 kao). This is also made by fractional decoction in an earthen- 

 ware vessel. It is tonic and curative in diarrhoea and dysen- 

 tery. 



Extract of Atractylis ovata^ ^ Tft ^ (Tsang-shu-kao). 

 This is prepared by various washings, digestings, and decoct- 

 ings, until an extract is procured, which is to be mixed with 

 honey and the juice of Pachyma cocos, to be taken as a tonic, 

 stomachic, and constructive remedy. 



Extract of Ginseng and Aristolochia^ ^ 7fL W (Shen-shu- 

 kao). The drugs are taken in the proportion of four ounces of 



