Xll CONTENTS. 



BOOK II. 



OF REASONING. 



CHAPTER I. Of Inference, or Reasoning, in general. 



PAGE 



$ 1. Retrospect of the preceding book . " . . .215 



2. Inferences improperly so called '; . . . 217 



3. Inferences proper, distinguished into inductions and 



ratiocinations ...... 222 



CHAPTER II. Of Ratiocination, or Syllogism. 



1. Analysis of the Syllogism . . . '. . 226 



2. The dictum de omni not the foundation of reasoning, but a 



mere identical proposition ..... 233 



3. What is the really fundamental axiom of Ratiocination . 238 



4. The other form of the axiom .... 241 



CHAPTER III. Of the Functions, and Logical Value, of the 

 Syllogism. 



$ 1. Is the Syllogism a petitio principii? . . . 244 



2. Insufficiency of the common theory . . . 245 



3. All inference is from particulars to particulars . . 248 



4. General propositions are a record of such inferences, and the 



rules of the syllogism are rules for the interpretation of 



the record ....... 259 



6. The syllogism not the type of reasoning, but a test of it . 263 



6. The true type, what ..... 269 



7. Relation between Induction and Deduction . . 273 



CHAPTER IV. Of Trains of Reasoning, and Deductive 

 Sciences. 



1. For what purpose trains of reasoning exist . . . 275 



2. A train of reasoning is a series of inductive inferences . 275 



3. from particulars to particulars through marks of marks 279 



4. Why there are deductive sciences .... 282 

 6. and why other sciences still remain experimental . 287 



6. Experimental sciences may become deductive by the pro- 



gress of experiment . . . . . 290 



7. In what manner this usually takes place . . . 292 



