NAMES. 57 



if all objects besides that one were annihilated* ; 

 but those of its attributes, which are expressed by 

 relative names, would on that supposition be swept 

 away. 



8. Names have been further distinguished into 

 univocal and (Equivocal: these, however, are not two 

 kinds of names, but two different modes of employing 

 names. A name is univocal, or applied univocally, 

 with respect to all things of which it can be predicated 

 in the same sense ; but it is sequivocal, or applied sequi- 

 vocally, as respects those things of which it is predi- 

 cated in different senses. It is scarcely necessary to 

 give instances of a fact so familiar as the double 

 meaning of a word. In reality, as has been already 

 observed, an sequi vocal or ambiguous word is not one 

 name, but two names, accidentally coinciding in sound. 

 File standing for an iron instrument, and file standing 

 for a line of soldiers,, have no more title to be con- 

 sidered one word, because written alike, than grease 

 and Greece have, because they are pronounced alike. 

 They are one sound, appropriated to form two different 

 words. 



An intermediate case is that of a name used ana- 

 logically or metaphorically ; that is, a name which is 

 predicated of two things, not univocally, or exactly 

 in the same signification, but in significations some- 

 what similar, and which being derived one from the 

 other, one of them may be considered the primary, 

 and the other a secondary signification. As when we 

 speak of a brilliant light, and a brilliant achievement. 



* Or rather all objects, except itself and the percipient mind 

 for, as we shall see hereafter, to ascribe any attribute to an object 

 necessarily implies a mind to perceive it. 



