274 REASONING. 



its application to Socrates and others. By this means 

 we establish a very convenient division of the entire 

 logical operation into two steps ; first, that of ascer- 

 taining what attributes are marks of mortality ; and, 

 secondly, whether any given individuals possess those 

 marks. And it will generally be advisable, in our 

 speculations on the reasoning process, to consider 

 this double operation as in fact taking place, and all 

 reasoning as carried on in the form into which it must 

 necessarily be thrown to enable us to apply to it any 

 test of its correct performance. 



Although, therefore, all processes of thought in 

 which the ultimate premisses are particulars, whether 

 we conclude from particulars to a general formula, or 

 from particulars to other particulars according to 

 that formula, are equally Induction; we shall yet, 

 conformably to usage, consider the name Induction as 

 more peculiarly belonging to the process of establish- 

 ing the general proposition ; and the remaining opera- 

 tion, which is substantially that of interpreting the 

 general proposition, we shall call by its usual name, 

 Deduction. And we shall consider every process by 

 which anything is inferred respecting an unobserved 

 case, as consisting of an Induction followed by a 

 Deduction ; because, although the process needs not 

 necessarily be carried on in this form, it is always 

 susceptible of the form, and must be thrown into it 

 when assurance of scientific accuracy is needed and 

 desired. 



