CONTENTS. IX 



CHAPTER III. Fallacies of Simple Inspection, or a priori 



Fallacies. 



PAGE 

 1. Character of this class of fallacies . . . 348 



2. Natural prejudice of mistaking subjective laws for objective, 



exemplified in popular superstitions . . . 350 



3. Natural prejudices, that things which we think of together 



must exist together, and that what is inconceivable must 



be false ..... 355 



4. Natural prejudice of ascribing objective existence to 



abstractions ..... 362 



5. Fallacy of the Sufficient Reason . . . 364 

 0. Natural prejudice, that the differences in nature correspond 



to the distinctions in language . . . 368 



7. Prejudice, that a phenomenon cannot have more than one 



cause T 373 



8. Prejudice, that the conditions of a phenomenon must 



resemble the phenomenon .... 376 



CHAPTER IV. Fallacies of Observation. 



1. Non-observation, and Mai-observation . . 387 



2. Non- observation of instances, and non-observation of 



circumstances ..... 387 



3. Examples of the former .... 388 



4. and of the latter . . . .394 



5. Mai-observation characterized and exemplified . . 401 



CHAPTER V. Fallacies of Generalization. 



1. Character of the class .... 406 



2. Certain kinds of generalization must always be groundless 406 



3. Attempts to resolve radically different phenomena into 



the same ..... 408 



4. Fallacy of mistaking empirical for causal laws . .410 



5. Post hoc, ergo propter hoc; and the deductive fallacy cor- 



responding to it . . . . .416 



6. Fallacy of False Analogies . . . .419 



7. Function of metaphors in reasoning . . . 426 



8. How fallacies of generalization grow out of bad classifica- 



tion . 429 



