TERMINOLOGY AND NOMENCLATURE. 285 



subjects less remote from the topics of popular dis- 

 cussion, whoever wishes to draw attention to some 

 new or unfamiliar distinction among things, will find 

 no way so sure as to invent or select suitable names 

 for the express purpose of marking it. 



A volume devoted to explaining what civilization 

 is and is not, does not raise so vivid a conception of 

 it as the single expression, that Civilization is a dif- 

 ferent thing from Cultivation; the compactness of that 

 brief designation for the contrasted quality being an 

 equivalent for a long discussion. So, if we would 

 impress forcibly upon the understanding and memory 

 the distinction between what a representative govern- 

 ment should be and what it often is, we cannot more 

 effectually do so than by saying that Representation is 

 not Delegation. Dr. Chalmers, in order to distinguish 

 his scheme of clerical superintendence of a parish from 

 the mere keeping a church open which people might 

 come to or not as they spontaneously chose, called very 

 expressively the former the " aggressive" system, the 

 latter the "attractive." When the earlier electricians 

 found that there were two different kinds of electrical 

 excitement, they soon made the world familiar with 

 them by giving them the names of positive and negative, 

 vitreous and resinous. Hardly any original thoughts 

 on mental or social subjects ever make their way 

 among mankind, or assume their proper importance 

 in the minds even of their inventors, until aptly 

 selected words or phrases have as it were nailed them 

 down and held them fast. 



4. Of the three essential parts of a philosophical 

 language, we have now mentioned two: a terminology 

 suited for describing with precision the individual 



