FA KM LMPL EMENTS, 119 



The European ridging plough differs in construction 

 from the ordinary plough in having two mould-boards, 

 one on each side. The mould-boards can be adjusted to 

 make larger or smaller ridges as required and generally 

 the work done is superior to that of the native plough. 

 The work on man and beast is also easier than with the 

 native ridging plough. The European implement costs 

 about 500 P.T. 



FIG. 16. KPROVEAN RIDGING PLOUGH. 



Cultivators. The cultivator may be described as a 

 framework resting on three wheels one of which is a swivel 

 wheel and runs in front. To the frame is attached a 

 number of tines which are curved so as to enter the soil 

 in an oblique direction. Two kinds of cultivators are used, 

 those with rigid tines and those with spring tines. The 

 tines may vary in number from eleven to seventeen in 

 the case of the spring-tine Cultivator. 



Cultivators stir the soil to a depth of from 10 to 20 centi- 

 metres, this being regulated by a lever. They are very 

 suitable for stirring the land after ploughing and are most 

 useful in freeing the land from underground stems of 

 weeds. They can also be used advantageously in Egypt 

 for covering the seeds of wheat and barley after sowing 

 and in preparing the land for the sowing of clover. Some 



