for his land as is paid by the mixed fanner. He has 

 then to incur a heavy annual outlay for four years 

 without any return. The mixed farmer in the 

 meantime has been obtaining revenue from his 

 maize, barley, beans or stock as the case may be. 



The estimate of ;;{^5,ooo being necessary for a the ExClusi- 

 plantatiou of loo acres is little if any in excess of vely coffee 

 what is required if the intention is to concentrate on policy. 

 coffee to the exclusion of everything else. For the 

 large capitahst or group the exclusive policy is pro- 

 bably the soundest eventually, having all the advant- 

 ages of concentration of effort, but it means waiting 

 for dividends, and efficient organisation and manage- 

 ment are essential if the capital and energy expended 

 are to be rewarded with the fullest measure of 

 success. The proportion of waste is, as a rule, 

 greater in the large undertaking, and in the case of 

 coffee planting in East Africa the cost of labour and 

 management is much greater proportionately in the 

 large undertaking than in the small. 



The policy of the mixed farmer is to make the the mixed 

 farm pay the cost of his coffee undertaking as he farming 

 goes along. He puts 50 to 100 acres of his best land i-olicy. 

 under maize the first year. The following season he 

 plants up a proportion of that area with coffee (the 

 land being improved in condition by the previous 

 crop of maize) and inter-plants it with beans or some 

 other catch crop, at the same time increasing the 

 area under maize. And so he steadily goes on — each 

 year ploughing up fresh land for maize and adding 

 to his area under coffee, re-paying himself out of 

 the inter-planted beans for the cost of planting the 

 coffee. 



For coffee planting exclusively, the intending capital RE- 

 planter, if experienced, should be provided with not quired for 

 less Ihan ;;C2,5oo — if inexperienced, with as much coffee only. 

 more as he reckons his inexperience will cost him. 

 With this sum he can secure from one to three 

 hundred acres of land accordng to quality, erect all 

 necessary buildings, pay the cost of planting up 50 

 to 80 acres of coffee, and carry through to the fourth 

 year, when his first year's planting will have 

 reached the bearing stage. If he has expended his 

 money wisely, the value of his property should be 

 sufficient to justify the bank in advancing him what- 



79 



