66 The Anatomy /?/ ^ H O R S E. Chap. V, 



in the Expulfion of the Excrement, which they do by lift- 

 ing up the Fundament. 



«rA 9/)/ ■ /? f '^^^ Bladder has alfo its Sphincter, which 

 the Bladder' ^^ compofed of circular Fibres, as that of the 

 Anus ; and in like Manner ferves to con- 

 Uringe or purfc up its Neck, that the Urine may not pafs 

 without a fpontaneous relaxing of that Mufcle. In Mares, 

 it is feated at the Hole where the Neck of the Bladder 

 opens into the Vagina, 



Having already taken Notice of the Mufcles belonging 

 to the Yard, call'd its Ere5forh and DilatorU^ and the Cre- 

 mafler Mufcles, by which the Stones are fufpended, as alfo 

 thofe of the Clitoris in Mares, I (hall therefore pafs them by 

 in this Place, and proceed to the Shoulder-blade, ^V. 



§, IX. Of the Mufcles of the Shoulder-blade and Shoulder^, 



with thofe which move the Fore-leg and Foot, 

 the Shoulder The Shoulder-blade has four Pair of Muf- 



hlade four Pair, cles, agreeable to its four feveral Motions. 



The firft Pair, calfd Cucullares^ from the Refembiance 

 they bear to a Monk's Hood, are feated between the two 

 Shoulder-blades^ covering the Top of the Withers. Thefe 

 arife thin and flefhy from the hind Part of the Head, but as 

 they pafs down the Neck, have other membranous Begin- i 

 nings from five of its Spines, and from eight or nine of thej 

 uppermoft of the Cheft, and are inferted into the whole 

 Spine of the Shoulder-blade, as alfo into the Shoulder- 

 bone, and broader Part of the Collar-bone. When the up- 

 per Part of the Mufcle is contraded, then the Shoulder- 

 blade is thought to be moved fomewhat obliquely upwards, 

 becaufe of the oblique Diredion of its Fibres ; but when 

 that Part which fprings from the Withers is contracted, it is 

 then pulled ftreight thitherward. 



The fecond Pair are call'd Levatores^ or Lifters : They 

 ^re fituated above the Collar-bone, arifing from the tranf- 

 verfe Proceiles of the firft four Vertehrcs of the Neck, and 

 are inferted into the Fore-corner of the Shoulder-blades ; 

 thefe draw the Blades upwards and forwards. 



The third Pair, named Serratum minus Jnticum^ lie un- 

 der the pedoral Mufcles, and fpring from the four upper- 

 moft Ribs, before they turn griftly, by four flefhy Portions^ 

 reprefenting the Teeth of a Saw, and arc inferted into tha 

 Anchor-like Procefs of the Shoulder-blade : Thefe move 

 the Shoulder-blades forward towards the Cheft. 



Thfll 



