ANT 



A P I 



v.nth species arc best put into the ground in the 

 spring ; and those or' the fourth, fifth, eighth 

 and ninth in the autumn. The first species may 

 be increased by the trading stalks which put out 

 roots from the joints. It will succeed in any 

 soil or situation. The fourth and fifth species 

 may likewise be propagated by parting the roots. 

 The seventh and tenth may be raised by cut- 

 tings, which should be planted out in a shady 

 situation in the summer season, and when they 

 have taken good root they may be removed into 

 pots of light earth of the poorer sort. The 

 striped varieties must also be propagated by cut- 

 tings, in the same way as the above. 



The plants raised by cuttings should be shel- 

 tered during the winter months, fresh air being 

 admitted freely in mild weather. When pro- 

 tected under a hot-bed frame they succeed bet- 

 ter than in the green-house, as in the latter 

 situation the plants arc apt to be drawn up 

 weak . 



The plants raised from seed should be re- 

 moved into pots, of light sandy earth, especially 

 in the eleventh species, till they have taken 

 fresh root, being then exposed in assemblage 

 with other hardy exotic plants till October, when 

 they should be placed in a hot-bed frame to be 

 protected from frost. Some may likewise be 

 planted out in warm situations on rubbish or 

 poor sandy soils, where they will frequently 

 stand in mild winters, as in such situations they 

 resist cold the best. 



In the Snap-dragon kind the propagation may 

 be accomplished either by the seed or by cut- 

 tings. When the former method is practised, 

 the seeds in the thirteenth species should be 

 sown in the spring, as in April or May, in the 

 places where they are to remain, where they will 

 produce flowers in the following spring. But in 

 the fourteenth species the seed should be sown 

 in the autumn on borders or other places, where 

 they are to remain. They must be thinned in 

 the following spring, and they mostly flower in 

 the second. If the former of these sorts be de- 

 signed to arrow on rocky barren situations, the 

 seeds should be sown in March, where they are 

 to remain. 



Where the latter mode is employed, the cut- 

 tings should be made in the summer season, and 

 planted out in a proper shade till they have 

 stricken root. 



These are most of them plants adapted to the 

 purpose of ornament, cither in rocky bar- 

 ren situations, or in the borders, clumps or 

 oiher parts of gardens and pleasure-grounds. 

 The (irst species is particularly suited for cover- 

 ing rock work, and the thirteenth also grows 

 well in such situations, and it as well as most 



of the other species is adapted for the purpo?c 

 of affording variety in the larger borders or other 

 compartments. They last the longest in dry 

 poor rocky situations. 



APIUM, a genus comprehending different 

 herbaceous biennials for culinary use. 



It belongs to the class and order Pcntandria 

 Digipiia, and ranks in the natural order of Um- 

 bel hit w. 



The characters are : that the calyx is an uni- 

 versal umbel of fewer rays, or partial of more : 

 the involucre universal small, of one of more 

 leaflets, or partial smaller : the perianth proper 

 and obsolete : the corolla universal and uniform : 

 the floscules almost all fertile : the petals proper, 

 roundish, inflex and equal : the stamina consist 

 of simple filaments : the anthers: roundish : the 

 pistillum an inferior germ : the styles reflex : the 

 stigma obtuse; no pericarpium ; fruit ovate, 

 striated, and splitting in two : the seeds two, 

 ovate, striated on one side, and plane on the 

 other. 



The species according to Marlyn are : 1 . A. 

 prtrosfU'uuim, Parsley; 2. A. graveoleas, Small- 

 age. 



In the first the stems are round, smooth, 

 striated. Usually there is one leaflet at the 

 origin of the universal umbel, and an involucre 

 of from six to eight short folioles fine almost as 

 hairs to the partial umbel : the flowers pale 

 yellow and regular : the petals small, long, 

 narrow, acuminate and inflex : the seed short 

 and turgid. It is a native of Sardinia. 



The varieties as described by the above writer 

 are : Common Plane-leaved Parsley; Curled Par- 

 sley; and Large-rooted or Hamburgh Parsley; 



As the Plane-leaved Parsley has much re- 

 semblance to the Wild or Fool's Parsley, which 

 is poisonous, the surest way to avoid any ha- 

 zard is to cultivate the curled, which is said to 

 remain constant, provided care be taken to se- 

 parate all the plants which have plain leaves, 

 when seed is to be saved from them. 



The Large-rooted variety is chiefly cultivated 

 for its roots, which are now pretty commonly 

 sold in the markets : the leaves have much longer 

 foot-stalks, and their subdivisions are not so 

 numerous as in the common sort : the leaflets 

 are much larger, and of a darker green, so that 

 it is easily distinguished from the common kind 

 by its leaves; but the roots are six times as large 

 as those of the Common Parsley can be brought 

 to with the utmost culture. 



In the second species the stem is smooth, 

 shining and deeply furrowed: the leaves alter- 

 nate, radical, pinnated, ternate ; pinnas trifid > 

 gash-serrate, shining and smooth : the upper 

 leaves ternate and subsessile ; the umbel sub- 



