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beds, as in the Cabbage ; the plants being set out 

 from May to July or August in an open com- 

 partment, in rows two feet and a halt' asunder, 

 keeping them clean from weeds, and drawing only 

 a little earth about the bottoms of the stems occa- 

 sionally. The turnip-part is usually fully grown 

 by Michaelmas, and continues all winter for 

 tise. 



They may also be sown where the plants are 

 intended to remain, and be hoed out to a proper 

 distance. 



This last is probably the best method of cul- 

 ture. 



There are two sorts cultivated ; one with the 

 turnip above the ground, the other with the 

 turnip below the ground. The plants rise and 

 proceed in theirgrowth, as in the open Coleworts, 

 till thuy beain to form bulbs. 



It is the globular- or turnip-part of the plants 

 that is used, being sometimes sliced in soups, 

 and by some used as common turnips; but, 

 unless employed when quite young, they are rank 

 and unpalatable. 



The chief merit of theseplants is their hardi- 

 ness, as they are capable of withstanding the 

 hardest, winter. 



They require good ground well manured to 

 bring them to any great size. 



Culture in the Cauliflower kind. — There are, 

 as has been seen, two sorts of this plant cultivated 

 inthe garden, the Earlyand the Late Cauliflower ; 

 but they differ only in the former coming in a 

 little sooner than the latter. 



It is customary among gardeners to have three 

 or four crops of this vegetable in the course of 

 the year; as an early summer crop, a main 

 summer crop, a late summer crop, and an 

 autumn, or what is_often termed a Michaelmas 

 crop. These different crops are obtained by 

 sowing and setting out the plants at different 

 times. The most proper times of sowing for 

 the two first crops are in the latter end of July 

 and beginning of August; and for the two last 

 in the latter end of January, the middle of 

 March, and the beginning of May. These 

 sowings should be made in open situations 

 where the soil is light, mellow, and of a good 

 quality, the ground having been prepared by 

 digging it well over, and raking the surface even. 

 The seed should be sown rather thinly, and 

 covered by raking or sifting a little earth lightly 

 over it. It is of much consequence to have 

 the seed perfectly new and fresh, and such as 

 has been collected from the best and most 

 perfect plants. The January sowing may be 

 made on a slight hot-bed, the plants being after- 

 wards managed as directed below. 



When the weather is droughty, gentle water- 



ings may be necessary in the evenings before 

 as well as after the plants appear; and when it 

 is very hot, it is useful to shade them a little in 

 the middle of the day. The plants are com- 

 monly up in the course of a week or ten days. 

 After this they only require to be kept clean from 

 weeds, and to have water given them occa- 

 sionally till they have leaves of about an inch or 

 two in breadth; when it is mostly the practice 

 to prick aquantity of the finest plants out into other 

 beds of good earth, in rows at the distance of five 

 or six inches, and four or five in the lines. All • 

 the deformed and black-shanked plants should 

 be laid aside as useless. After the plants have 

 been thus pricked out, a moderate watering 

 should be given, especially when the weather is 

 dry, and repeated as there may be occasion. 

 The plants raised on the hot-bed, as well as some 

 of those from the autumn seed-beds, may be 

 pricked out at once into the frames where they 

 are to remain during the winter. In these 

 situations they are to continue, air being freely 

 admitted when the season will admit, and 

 the plants occasionally refreshed with water. 

 They should also be well guarded against frosts 

 and cold, until the periods of their being set out 

 where they are to grow and form heads. 



Some of the plants of the first sowings should 

 be set out in the autumn, as in October or 

 the following month; and the rest about the 

 middle of February or the beginning of the 

 following month, under glasses or some other 

 sort of protection ; and those of the other 

 sowings in the beginning of April, and in May, 

 June, and July, according as they were sown. 



For the purpose of planting out these sorts of 

 plants, proper beds of the richest mellow ground, 

 in the best defended and warmest part of the 

 garden, in a free exposure to the full sun, should 

 be provided, being well dunged with the best' 

 rotten horse-dung, such as that of old cucumber 

 and melon beds, or any other of similar quality, 

 spreading it equally over the ground, at least 

 three or four inches thick; and the whole then 

 regularly trenched-in one good spade deep, bury- 

 ing the dung equally. 



Where the plants are to be situated under 

 glasses, the ground should be formed into beds 

 a yard wide, with foot-wide alleys for the con- 

 venience of going in, to raise, and set off and on 

 theglasses; but in other cases this is unnecessary. 



In the first method, the plants are then to be 

 put in, allowing three to each glass, though the 

 London gardeners often plant more; but two of 

 the best are enough to be left to come to perfection. 

 At the time of planting them out, a quantity 

 of the handsomest, straight, clear-shanked 

 plants should be chosen ; which being ready, a 

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