CAM 



CAM 



■ot borders in shrubbery and other ornamented 

 grounds. 



CAMELLIA, a genus comprising a plant of 

 the large evergreen exotic kind for the green- 

 house. 



It belongs to the class and order MonaJelphia 

 Pohjandria, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Colwnmiferce. 



The characters are: that the calyx is a many- 

 leaved perianthium, roundish, imbricate; the 

 scales roundish, very blunt, the inner ones gra- 

 dually larger, concave, and deciduous: the co- 

 rolla consists of five petals, obovate, coalescing 

 at the base: the stamina have numerous erect 

 filaments, coalescing below into a crown larger 

 than the style, above unconnected, shorter than 

 the corolla: the anthers are simple: the pistil— 

 him is a roundish germ: the style is subulate, 

 the length of the stamens : the stigma acute and 

 reflex: the pericarpium is a turbinate woody 

 capsule, marked with some furrows : the seeds 

 are kernels, equal in number to the streaks of 

 the capsule, roundish, and often filled with 

 smaller seeds. 



The species cultivated is C. Japon'ua, Japan 

 Rose. 



It has a tree-like stem, branching upwards to 

 a considerable height in its native situation: the 

 bark is ash-coloured ; branches round and 

 smooth : the leaves are alternate, ovate, ever- 

 green, shining on both sides, thick and stiff, 

 paler green beneath, on short petioles: the 

 flowers coming out from the sides of the branches 

 are large, spreading, and roseaceous, being suc- 

 ceeded by a ligneous capsule inclosing a sort of 

 nut. 



There are varieties with single red and purple 

 flowers, with double red and purple flowers, 

 with single white flowers, and with double white 

 flowers. 



It is in high estimation with the Japanese for 

 the elegance of its large flowers, which exhibit 

 a great variety of colours, but have no scent, as 

 well as for its evergreen leaves. It flowers in 

 its native climate from October to April, and is 

 also a native of China. 



Culture. — It is capable of being increased both 

 by layers and cuttings, but the former is the 

 best method. The branches may be laid down 

 in the autumn, and be taken oft* in the May fol- 

 lowing, and planted out in pots, which should 

 be plunged in a moderate hotbed. 



In the latter mode the young shoots may 

 be cut in the early spring, and planted in pots 

 of light earth, plunging them in a slight hot- 

 bed. 



When planted out in the open ground it should 

 have a warm southern aspect against a wall^ 



and be well protected from frosts during the 

 winter. 



CAMOMILE. See Anthemis. 



CAMPANULA, a genus comprising various 

 plants of the annual, biennial, and perennial her- 

 baceous flowery kind. The Bell-flower. 



It belongs to the class and order Pentandria 

 Monogyuiu, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Campanaceee. 



The characters are : that the calyx is a five- 

 parted perianthium, acute, erect-expanding, su- 

 perior : the corolla is nionopetalous, bell-form, 

 impervious at the base, half-five-cleft, marces- 

 cent : divisions broad, acute, spreading : the nec- 

 tary in the bottom of the corolla, composed of 

 five valves, acute, converging, covering the re- 

 ceptacle: the stamina consist of five capillary fila- 

 ments, very short, inserted on the tips of the 

 valves of the nectary: the anthers are longer 

 thai! the filaments, and compressed : the pistil- 

 lum is an angular inferior germ : the style fili- 

 form, longer than the stamens: the stigma three- 

 parted, oblong, thickish : divisions revolute : 

 the pericarpium is a roundish angular capsule, 

 three- or five-celled, emitting the seeds at so many 

 lateral openings : the seeds are numerous and 

 small: the receptacle is columnar and adnate. 



The species mostly cultivated for the purposes 

 of ornament and use are: 1. C. persicifolia, 

 Peach-leaved Bell-flower; 2. C. pyramidalis, 

 Pyramidal or Steeple Bell-flower; 3. C. Carpa- 

 tica, Carpathian or Heart-leaved Bell-flower; 

 4. C. latifolia, Broad-leaved Campanula, or 

 Giant Throat-wort; 5. C. Trackelium, Great 

 Throat-wort, or Nettle-leaved Campanula; 6. 

 C. grandiflora, Great-flowered Bell-flower j 7. 

 C. medium, Small Pyramidal Campanula, or 

 Canterbury Bells; 8. C. Speculum, Venus's 

 Looking-glass; 9. C.Americana, American Bell- 

 flower; 10. C. fruticosa, Shrubby Cape Bell- 

 flower; 11. C. Rapunculus, Esculent Rampion. 



There are other species in this extensive genus 

 deserving of attention. 



The first has the root like that of Navew, and 

 eatable: the stem is very straight, eighteen inches 

 high and more, (in gardens two feet and a half,) 

 unbranched, angular, smooth, as is the whole 

 plant: the flowers are in a thin spike, one or 

 two together, on very long peduncles, which 

 have two stipules at the base: the corolla is 

 large, broad bell-form, deep blue; the segments 

 short, and moderately acuminate. It is a peren- 

 nial plant, native of most parts of the continent 

 of Europe, flowering in June and July. 



There are varieties with single blue and 

 white flowers, and with double blue and white 

 flowers. 



The second species, as it appears ia the gar- 

 2 G 2 



