CAM 



C A M 



i!en, has thick tuberous roots, which are milky; 

 these send out th.ee or four strong, smooth, 

 upright stalks, which rise near four feet high, 

 and are garnished with smooth oblong leaves, 

 whose edges are a little indented : the lower 

 leaves are much broader than those on the stalks : 

 the flowers are produced from the side of the 

 stalks, and are regularly set on for more than 

 half their length, forming a sort of pyramid; 

 these are large, open, and shaped like a bell, and 

 mostly of a light-blue colour. 



There are varieties with white flowers and 

 with double flowers. 



The third affords a milky juice when wound- 

 ed : the root is whitish and perennial; the stems 

 herbaceous, annual, weak, hardly branching, 

 bearing one or very few flowers. In gardens 

 it becomes branching and many-flowered. The 

 root-leaves are kidney-form, roundish; the pe- 

 duncle elongated and smooth; the corolla blue. 

 It flowers the whole summer, and is a native of 

 the Carpathian Alps. 



According to Mr. Curtis, it is still scarce in 

 gardens, but deserves to be more known and cul- 

 tivated : its flowers are in proportion to the 

 plant, being large and showy. 



The fourth species has the stem three feet high 

 and more, angular and smooth, but not branch- 

 ing: the leaves are sharply serrate, on short 

 petioles, and hirsute : the flowers are axillary, 

 one or two together, on peduncles shorter than 

 the leaf: calyx smooth, with broad triangular 

 segments: corolla very large, blue; the seg- 

 ments triangular, divided by a line: the fruit 

 obliges the peduncle to bend down with its 

 weight. It is a native of the northern parts 

 of the island, flowering in July. 



There are varieties with single and double 

 purple, and with single and double white flowers; 

 with single and double pale-red flowers; and 

 with striped flowers. 



The fifth species has a perennial root: the 

 stems are from two to three feet in height, up- 

 right, stiff, hairy, angular, the angles membrana- 

 ceous, putting out a few short side-branches : 

 the leaves resembling those of the great nettle, 

 but rather shorter and broader, alternate, ovate, 

 cordate, pointed, hairy, deeply toothed, some- 

 times having two or three lobes ; petioled, ex- 

 cept the upper ones, which are sessile : the pe- 

 duncles are alternate, axillary, trifid, and three- 

 flowered. The number of flowers, however, 

 varies from one or two to three, four, and even 

 five; they are large and nodding. It is a na- 

 tive of most parts of Europe, &c. flowering in 

 July and / ugust. 



There are varieties, with single and double 

 blue flowers, with single and double white 



flower?, and with single and double pale purple 

 flowers. 



The sixth species has the whole plant very 

 smooth; the root perennial, white, fusiform, 

 the thickness of a finger, and branched : the 

 stems are few, erect or ascending, simple, round, 

 a foot high, leafy all over, annual, terminated 

 with one handsome flower, but without scent, 

 nodding a little, with sometimes one or two 

 flowers more from the upper axillas : ihe leaves 

 are irregularly scattered, sessile or on very short 

 petioles, ovate or sublanceolate, short and 

 sharply serrate : sometimes a few of the leaves, 

 and at others all of them, are in threes: the co- 

 rolla is two inches in diameter or more, very 

 deep blue, with numerous blue veins; elegantly 

 pear-shaped before expanding, and at first green. 

 It flowers in June and beginning of July, and is 

 a native of Siberia. 



The seventh has a biennial root : the leaves 

 are oblong, rough, hairy, serrate, coming out 

 without order from the root, narrowing into a 

 petiole. From the centre of these, the second 

 season, arises a stiff, hairy, furrowed stalk about 

 two feet high, sending out several lateral 

 branches, with long, narrow, hairy, serrate, 

 sessile leaves, placed alternately: from the set- 

 ting on of these leaves come out the peduncles, 

 those on the lower part of the stem and branches 

 four or five inches long, diminishing gradually 

 in length upwards, and thus forming a sort of 

 pyramid. The flowers are very large, and make 

 a fine appearance; they are smooth, and the 

 segments turn back at the end ; they come out 

 the beginning of June, and, if the season be not 

 very hot, continue a month in beauty. It grows 

 naturally in Germany, &c. 



There are varieties, with blue, purple, white, 

 striped, and double flowers. 



The eighth species is an annual plant, which 

 rises with slender stalks a foot high : the flowers 

 are of a beautiful purple, inclining to a violet 

 colour, (sometimes pale purple or white,) and in 

 the evening fold up into a pentagon figure, 

 whence it is sometimes called Viola pentagonia: 

 the calyx is composed of five narrow leaves, 

 which spread open, turn back, and are much 

 longer than the petals ; these remain on the top 

 of the prismatic seed-vessel, which is filled with 

 small angular seeds : the stem is tender, quadran- 

 gular, naturally procumbent, branched from the 

 bottom at very great angles : the leaves sessile, 

 obovate, and waved about the edge: the flowers 

 axillary, erect, on very long peduncles : the co- 

 rolla wheel-shaped, and so deeply five-cleft that 

 the segments, which are ovate, scarcely cohere. 



It is a nativp of the southern countries of 

 Europe, flowering from May to September. 



