C A N 



CAN 



the anthers arc pendulous from the tip: thepis- 

 tillum is an interior, six-cornered germ : the style 

 conical and short : the stigma longer than the 

 stamens, clavated, six-cleft: the pericarpiura is 

 a six-angled, obtuse, six-celled capsule: the 

 seeds are numerous and small. 



There is only one species introduced into 

 cultivation, C. campanulhta, Canary Bell- 

 flower. 



It has a perennial root, tuberous-fusiform; 

 the stem is three feet high, erect, solitary, round, 

 even with swelling joints: the branches by three 

 from each joint; the upper ones longer, dicho- 

 tomous at the end, with alternate branchlets ; 

 the leaves on the stem in threes, on the branches 

 opposite, petioled, hastate, toothletted and even, 

 veined: the flowers proceed from the forks of 

 the upper branches solitary, pedunclcd and 

 drooping: the corolla is larger than the leaves, 

 resembling that of crown imperial, rufous, 

 brighter within, with a yellow eye; each seg- 

 ment with three purple nerves. It is a native 

 of the Canary islands, flowering from January to 

 March. 



Culture. — Tt is capable of being increased 

 by parting the roots with caution not to break 

 them, as, when this happens, a milky juice 

 exudes, and renders them liable to rot. In 

 such cases they should be laid in the greenhouse 

 a few days to heal. The roots must not be too 

 often parted, as it weakens the plants, and 

 prevents them from flowering well. The best 

 time for this is in July, soon after the stalks 

 decay. The earth, in which they are planted, 

 should not be rich, as that will render the plants 

 too luxuriant in branches, but poor in flowers: 

 they succeed best in a light sandy loam, with a 

 fourth part of screened lime-rubbish. It re- 

 quires the protection of a greenhouse in the 

 winter, and the assistance of occasional slight 

 waterings, but only shade in the spring season 

 when set abroad. It has a fine effect when in the 

 greenhouse, or in assemblage with other plants 

 m full flower. 



CANDLEBERRY TREE. See Myiuca. 



CANDY-TUFT. SeelBERis. 



CANE. See Arundo. 



CANELLA, a genus affording a plant of 

 the exotic tree kind, for the stove. 



It belongs to the class and order Dodecandria 

 Monogynia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 the Melice. 



The characters are: that the calyx is a one- 

 leafed, three-lobed periantbium, the lobes 

 roundish, and concave: the corolla has five 

 petals, oblong, sessile, longer than the calyx, 

 two a little narrower than the rest: the nectary 



pitcher-shaped, the length of the petals, and 

 anther-bearing: the stamina have no filaments: 

 the anthers are twenty-one, linear, parallel, 

 distinct, fastened on the outside to the nectar)' : 

 the pistilhun is a superior germ, within the 

 nectary, ovate: the style cylindric, the length 

 of the nectary : the stigmas two, blunt, convex, 

 and wrinkled : the pericarpium is an oblong 

 berry, three-celled : the seeds roundish-kidney- 

 shape (two to four), in pairs, cordate. 



There is only one species, C. alba, Laurel- 

 leaved Canella, or White Cinnamon. 



In its native situation it is a tree, the stem of 

 which rises from ten to fifty feet in height, very 

 straight snd upright, being branched only at the 

 top, but here only a shrub : the bark is whitish, 

 by which it is easily known; the branches are 

 erect, and not spreading : the leaves are petioled, 

 alternate, but not regularly, oblong, pointed, 

 entire, without any distinct nerves or veins, 

 dark green, of a thick consistence like those of 

 laurel, and shining : the flowers grow at the 

 tops of the branches in clusters, but upon di- 

 vided peduncles, are small, seldom open, and 

 of a violetcolour; they are succeeded by a fleshy, 

 smooth, black berry. 



It is a native of the West-Indies, and the 

 whole tree is very aromatic, when in blossom 

 perfuming the air all around. 



Culture. — This plant is best raised by sow- 

 ing the seeds procured from its native situa- 

 tion, in pots, in the autumn or spring seasons, 

 and plunging them in a moderate hot-bed of 

 bark ; being sparingly watered in winter, butmore 

 freely in the summer season, and air freely ad- 

 mitted in mild warm weather. In this way the 

 plants often succeed yery well. They seldom 

 take well by either layers or cuttings. 



They require to be constantly kept in the bark- 

 bed of the stove. 



CANKER, a disease with which fruit- and 

 forest-trees are liable to be attacked. It is a 

 sort of vegetable gangrene, by which the bark 

 becomes rough and scabby, and the affected 

 woody part of a brown rusty colour. It ulti- 

 mately destroys the trees, when not removed by 

 proper means. 



It has been suggested by Mr. Knight as 

 being more liable to attack such trees as have 

 been propagated for a great length of time by 

 ingrafting, as being continuations of the old 

 trees, only nourished by new stocks; and of 

 course to be a disease of old age, somewhat si- 

 milar to that of mortification in the extremities 

 of persons in the decline of life. The author 

 of the Philosophy of Gardening, however, con- 

 siders it as more probable to be a hereditary 



