CAS 



CAS 



pretty long peduncle ; they are of a deep yellow 

 colour, and are succeeded by cylindrical pods, 

 from one to two feet long, having a dark-brown 

 woody shell. It is a native of the East and 

 West Indies. 



The sixth in its native state rises with a strong 

 upright trunk to the height of twenty-live or 

 thirty feet, dividing into many brandies covered 

 with an ash-coloured bark : the leaves are on 

 long foot-stalks, composed of two pairs of 

 leaflets, four inches long, and near two broad, 

 smooth, of a dark-green on their upper side, but 

 paler underneath. The flowers are produced 

 sometimes from the side of the stalks, where 

 they are few and scattering ; but the ends of the 

 branches have large round bunch i of flowers, 

 which branch out from one centre ; they are of 

 a deep yellow inclining to orange-colour, and 

 are succeeded by compressed pods, near nine 

 inches long, having a border on each side. It 

 is native of La Vera Cruz. 



The seventh species rises to a great magnitude, 

 with a large trunk, dividing into many branches: 

 the leaves are very long, composed of twelve or 

 fourteen pairs of smooth leaflets, of a light- 

 green, and placed near together: the flowers 

 come out in loose spikes at the ends of the 

 branches; they are of a pale carnation colour, 

 and succeeded by large cylindrical pods two feet 

 long, and the thickness of a slender arm. It is 

 sometimes called Horse Cassia, and is a native 

 of the East Indies. 



Culture. — The first sort may be raised by 

 seeds, or by slips made from the roots. In the 

 first mode, the seeds should be sown in the be- 

 ginning of April, either in pots under the pro- 

 tection of a frame, or on a warm border where 

 the soil is of a dry sandy quality, and covered 

 in lightly. They are usually procured from 

 America. When the plants are sufficiently 

 strong, as in the beginning of the autumn, they 

 should be removed into other pots of larger 

 sizes, or planted out in the borders where they 

 are to remain, as this sort is capable of succeed- 

 ing in the open air. The slips may be planted 

 out either in the full ground, or in pots, in the 

 early autumn or in the spring, as above ; a little 

 water and shade being given till they become 

 perfectly rooted. 



The three following shrubby sorts are likewise 

 increased by sowing the seeds procured from 

 their native situations, in the early spring, in 

 pots of light sandy earth, plunging them in a 

 moderate hotbed. When the plants have at- 

 tained a sufficiently strong growth they should 

 be removed into separate small pots, replunging 

 them into a bark hotbed in the stove, air being 

 rather freely given, and proper shade as well as 

 water occasionally. These should be constantly 



kept in the stove, as they are much injured by 

 being placed in the open air, even in the summer 

 season, but some of them will answer well in 

 the greenhouse. 



The last three sorts, which are of the tree 

 kind, are increased in the same manner as the 

 abos'e, and require the same sort of management. 



When retained in the stove, many of them 

 flower and ripen seeds in the autumn, producing 

 a fine effect; and, from their not losing their 

 leaves, afford variety in the winter. It is ob- 

 served by Martyn, that all the species contract 

 their leaves in the evening as the sun declines, 

 and open them again as it rises; and that " the 

 under surface of the leaflets is turned outward, 

 the upper surfaces being clapped close together." 

 But " most plants whose under surface is thus 

 turned outward grow on dry sandy land, where the 

 roots do not find a sufficient supply of moisture ; 

 the lower surface of the leaves being generally 

 covered with a short soft down that retains the 

 nightly dews and inhales them." Those plants 

 which have the upper surface of the leaves turned 

 outwards do not stand in need of this supply;, 

 and of course that surface being smooth, the 

 moisture is cast oft' and not imbibed. 



CASSINE, a genus comprehending plants 

 of the evergreen shrubby exotic kind for the- 

 greenhouse. Hottentot-Cherry, or Cape Phil- 

 lyrea. 



It belongs to the class and order Pentandria 

 Trigynia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Dumoicp. 



The characters are : that the calyx is a quin- 

 quepartite inferior perianth, very small, obtuse,, 

 and permanent : the corolla is quinquepartite, 

 and spreading: divisions subovate, obtuse, larger 

 than the calyx: the stamina consist of five 

 subulate filament*, spreading: the anthers are 

 simple: the pistillum is a superior conic germ : 

 there is no style: the stigmas three, reflex, and 

 obtuse : the pericarpium is a roundish trilocular 

 berry, umbilicated with the stigmas: the seeds 

 are solitary and subovate. 



The species cultivated are: 1. C. Capensis, 

 CapeG sine, or Phillyrea. 2'. C. Maurocinia, 

 Great Hottentot Cherry. 



The first has a woody stalk, which in this 

 climate seldom rises more than five or six feet 

 high, sending out many branches, covered with 

 a dark purplish hark ; the leaves are stiff, oppo- 

 site, about an inch and half long, and a little 

 more in breadth, of a light-green, on short foot- 

 stalks : the flowers are produced in roundish 

 bunches from the side, and at the end of the 

 branches; are white, and have five small petals 

 spreading open, being succeeded by red-berried 

 fruit. It is a native of the Cape. 



The second species rises to a considerable height. 



