C E A 



C E D 



of the stamens: the stigma obtuse: the peri- 

 carpium is a berry (capsule), dry, three-grained, 

 three-celled, obtuse, rctuse, and set with tu- 

 bercles: the seeds solitary and ovate. 



The species commonly cultivated are : 1. C. 

 Americanus, American Ceanothus, or New Jersey 

 Tea; 2. C. Asiat'icus, Asiatic Ceanothus; 3. C. 

 African ns, African Evergreen Ceanothus. 



The first in this climate is a shrub, which 

 seldom rises more than three or lour feet high, 

 sending out branches on every side from the 

 ground upwards: the branches are very slender, 

 and, as it is pretty late in the spring before they 

 begin to shoot, keep growing very late ; conse- 

 quently, unless the autumn proves dry and mild, 

 the tender shoots are often killed down very low 

 by the early frosts ; but in favourable seasons, 

 the extreme parts of the shoots only are injured 

 by the cold: these branches are garnished with 

 oval-pointed leaves, placed opposite, deciduous, 

 and of a light green colour: the flowers are pro- 

 duced at the extremity of each shoot in close 

 thick spikes, and composed of five small petals, 

 of a clear white colour, making a fine appear- 

 ance, as the whole shrub is covered over with 

 flowers. 



These appear in July, and in mild seasons 

 again in October. It is a native of North 

 America, where the leaves are sometimes used as 

 tea. 



The second species rises with a shrubby branch- 

 ing stem, four feet high. The branches are alter- 

 nate, flexuose, striated and smooth : the leaves 

 are alternate, resembling those of the pear, 

 acuminate, smooth, at the ends of the small 

 branches, scarcely an inch in length, on petioles 

 half the length of the leaves : the racemes from 

 each axilla usually two, small, the length of the 

 petioles, consisting of many florets, on very 

 short pedicels, caducous, one often remaining 

 which bears fruit: hence the raceme is tooth- 

 letted from the falling of the flowers, which are 

 of a greenish colour : the berries are large. It 

 is a native of Ceylon, See. 



The third species rises to the height of ten or 

 twelve feet, with a woody stem, covered with a 

 rough dark-coloured bark, and sends out many 

 weak branches, which hang downwards : these 

 while young are green, but afterward change to 

 a purplish colour: they are garnished with 

 oblong pointed leaves, of a lucid green, smooth, 

 and slightly serrate on their edges : the flowers 

 are small, of an herbaceous colour, coming out 

 from the side of the branches; sometimes ap- 

 pearing in July, but not succeeded by seeds in 

 this climate, nor do the plants often produce 

 flowers ; being chiefly preserved for the beauty 

 of their shining evergreen leaves. It is a native 



of the Cape, and sometimes known by the title 

 of Alaternoides. 



Culture. — This,inthefirst sort, niavbe effected 

 either by seeds or layers. In the first mode the 

 seeds should be sown, as soon as procured, in 

 pots of light earth, lightly covered in, placing 

 them in a frame, to have occasional shelter in 

 bad weather; and in spring plunge them in a 

 hot-bed to bring up the plants, hardening them 

 gradually to the full air in summer, but in au- 

 tumn removing them to have shelter until the 

 following spring, when they should be planted 

 out in separate small pots, or in a nursery-bed 

 in the full ground, being covered occasionally 

 again in the following winter, as they require 

 protection from severe frost the two or three 

 first years of their growth. 



In the latter method, some of the youngest- 

 branches should be laid down in autumn^ in 

 the usual way, which become rooted in twelve 

 months, and in the spring after should be 

 planted out. Some of the first young shoots 

 may also be laid down during the summer, 

 in order to have the greater chance of success. 



In the second species the propagation may 

 be effected by seeds, which should be sown in 

 pots of light earth, plunging them in the bark- 

 bed, and likewise by laying the young shoots 

 down in the autumn, plunging the pots as above : 

 the plants afterwards should be managed as other 

 woody exotics of the stove. 



The third sort is raised expeditiously by laying- 

 down the young shoots, either in their own pots" 

 or others placed for the purpose, in the autumn. 

 They are also capable of being increased by 

 young cuttings, planted in the spring in pots, 

 plunging them in the bark- or other hot-bed 

 about two months. They afterwards require 

 only the ordinary culture of greenhouse plants. 



The first is an elegant little flowering shrub, 

 for the more conspicuous compartments of the 

 shrubbery, being planted in a moderately dry 

 soil and sheltered situation, in the fronts of the 

 clumps or borders. 



The second affords variety in the stove; and 

 the third is worthy of a place in the greenhouse 

 collection, for the beauty of its shining green 

 leaves. 



CEDAR, Barhuhes. See Cedrela, 



CEDAR, Bermudas. See Juniperus. 



CEDAR, Carolina. See Juniperus. 



CEDAR, Lebanon. See Pinus Cedrus, 



CEDAR, Lycian. See Juniperus. 



CEDAR, Phoenician. See Juniperus. 



CEDAR, Virginian. See Juniperus. 



CEDAR, White. See Cupressus. 



CEDRELA, a genus containing a plant of the 

 exotic tree kind for the stove. Bastard Cedar. 

 3 1 2 



