COR 



COR 



aments long, peduncled, more leafy, having from 

 one to tour leaves, the outmost gradually larger : 

 the raceme looser, few-flowered; the scales sepa- 

 ratinti ; the flowers narrower and more acuminate. 



It'is a native of the South of France, &c. 

 flowering from May to August. It is used in 

 tanning leather, and in dyeing black. 



Culture. — This is a plant easily increased by 

 suckers taken from the root, which it affords plen- 

 tifully,and which may be taken off with fibres to 

 them in the autumn or winter. It may likewise 

 be raised from layers made in autumn, and taken 

 off in the following autumn, being then planted 

 out where they are to remain. 



CORK TREE. See Quercus. 



CORNELIAN CHERRY. See Cornus. 



CORNUS, a genus comprehending plants of 

 the hardy deciduous shrubby kinds. 



It belongs to the class and order Tetrandria 

 Monogynia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Sttllalce. 



The characters are : that the calyx is an in- 

 volucre generally four-leaved, many-flowered : 

 leaflets ovate, the opposite ones smaller, colour- 

 ed, deciduous : perianth very small, four-toothed, 

 superior, deciduous; the corolla has four petals, ob- 

 long, acute, flat, smaller than the involucre : the 

 stamina consist of four subulate filaments, erect, 

 longer than the corolla : anthers roundish, incum- 

 bent : the pistillum is a roundish inferior germ : 

 style filiform, length of the corolla: stigma ob- 

 tuse : the pericarpium is a roundish drupe, um- 

 bilicatcd : the seed is a heart-shaped, or oblong, 

 two-celled nut. 



The species cultivated are : 1 . C. sanguined, 

 Common Dog-wood : 2. C. Jiorida, Great- 

 flowered Dog- wood : 3. C. alba, White-berried 

 Dog-wood : 4. C. sericea, Blue-berried Dog- 

 wood : 5. C. maicula, Cornelian Cherry. 



The first rises to the height of from four or 

 five to eight or ten feet : the leaves are opposite, 

 fjuite entire, but sometimes with the edge wav- 

 ing, strongly nerved, slightly pubescent on both 

 sides, two inches and a half long, one and a half 

 broad : petioles svnooth, furrowed above, and 

 four lines in length : the peduncles axillary, leaf- 

 less ; pedicels short and very close together : 

 forming a five-cleft cyme, again subdividing: 

 M)iric of the flowers are female, and the fruit 

 round, obscurely umbilicate, very dark purple : 

 the pulp soft and bitter It is a native of Europe ; 

 flowers in June, the berries ripen in August. 



The second species seldom rises above seven 

 cr eight feet high, but is generally well furnished 

 w ith large leaves : the branches are terminated by 

 large white flowers, having a very large involu- 

 crum, being succeeded by clusters of dark red 

 berries. It flowers in April and May, but not 



very plentifully here : it is however very hardy, 

 and known inthe nurseries by the title of Virgi- 

 nia Dog-wood. 



There is a variety with a rose-coloured in- 

 volucre. 



The third species has much resemblance 

 to the first ; differing only in its recurved 

 branches and white berries : the stem is woody, 

 putting out many lateral branches near the 

 ground, so that, unless it is trained while young, 

 it generally spreads low: the branches during 

 summer are brownish, but in winter change to 

 a fine red : the flowers are produced in large 

 cymes at the extremity of every shoot, towards 

 the end of May, and are white : the fruit also 

 becomes finally white : these shrubs produce 

 fruit the best when planted in stiff ground. It 

 is a native of North America. 



The fourth is a shrub which grows two fa- 

 thoms in height, with an upright, round, branch- 

 ed, gray stem : the branches are opposite, round, 

 spreading, dusky purple : shoots round, with a 

 ring at the joints, almost without spots, and dark 

 red, as in the first, the younger ones more or 

 less pubescent : the leaves acuminate, entire, 

 nerved : they are narrower, and deeper veined 

 than in the third : the flowers grow in smaller 

 cymes : the fruit is smaller, and of a deep blue 

 colour when ripe : the shoots are of a beautiful 

 red colour in winter; and in summer, from the 

 leaves being large, of a whitish colour on their 

 under side, and the bunches of white flowers at 

 the extremity of every branch, it becomes a va- 

 luable shrub ; and in autumn, when the large 

 branches of blue berries are ripe, it makes a fine 

 appearance. It is a native of North America. 



The fifth species, in its wild state, is a shrub, 

 four or five feet in height ; but when cultivated it 

 advances into a tree twenty feet high. The shoots 

 are ash-coloured and pubescent : the leaves are in 

 pairs, ovate-lanceolate, subhirsute : the flowers 

 come out very early in the spring, before the 

 leaves : the leaflets of the involucre are lanceolate, 

 often reflected and permanent : the peduncles are 

 one-flowered, somewhat villose, from twelve or 

 fifteen to thirty in an umbel : the fruit is oblong, 

 and of a high shining scarlet colour, the size and 

 form of a small Olive Acorn. It is a native of 

 France, &c, flowering in mild seasons early in 

 February. 



Culture. — These plants may be raised eitherby 

 seeds, laye rs, or cuttings. In the first method 1 , 

 the seed oi the American kinds should be sown 

 as soon as possible in spring, in a bed of good 

 earth, half an inch deep ; but they may be sown 

 in autumn probably with more advantage. 



The Cornelian Cherry, and common Dogwood, 

 and all those sorts that ripen seeds in this climate, 



