COT 



C R A 



It belongs to the class and order Decandria 

 Ventagijnia, and ranks in the natural- order of 

 Sucmhntce. 



The characters are : that the calyx is a one- 

 leafed, five-cleft perianth, acute very small : the 

 corolla is a five-cleft bell-shaped petal : nectary 

 consisting of a concave scale, seated at the ex- 

 terior base of each germ: the stamina consist 

 of ten filaments, subulate, straight, the length of 

 the corolla : anthers erect, four-furrowed : the 

 pistillum has five germs, oblong, thickish, end- 

 ing in subulate styles, which are longer than the 

 stamens : stigmas simple : the pericarpium con- 

 sists of five capsules, oblong, bellied, acuminate, 

 one-valved ; gaping longitudinally inwards : the 

 seeds very many and small. 



The species are : l.C. orbiculata, Round-leav- 

 ed Navel wort; 2. C. spuria, Narrow -leaved Navel - 

 wort; 3. C. hemispherical, Knife-leaved Navel- 

 wort ; 4. C. Laciniata, Cut-leaved Navelwort. 



The first rises with a short thick succulent pcr- 

 ennialsialk, which rarely exceeds afoatinheight, 

 branching out on every side, so as to spread over 

 the pots in which it is planted. The branches be- 

 come woody by age, and are closely beset by 

 thick round leaves of a grayish colour, with pur- 

 ple borders, plane on their upper side, convex 

 on the under, and very flesh v; of an herbaceous 

 colour within, and full of moisture. There are 

 clusters of pale yellow flowers at the ends of the 

 branches. It is a native of the Cape ; flowering 

 from July to the beginning of autumn. 



The second species has a short greenish suc- 

 culent stalk, seldom more than a span high, di- 

 viding into several irregular branches : the leaves 

 thick, succulent, four inches long, half an inch 

 broad, and as much in thickness, having a broad 

 concave furrow on their upper side, and convex 

 on the under ; bright green, with a purple tip : 

 the peduncles terminating, near a foot high: 

 the flowers on short pedicels, yellow : tubes long, 

 brims reflex, tipped with purple. 



The third has a thick succulent stalk, rarely 

 more than a span high, dividing into many 

 branches : the leaves are short, thick, suc- 

 culent, not more than half an inch long, and a 

 quarter of an inch broad, grayish, with green 

 spots, sessile: the peduncles terminating, six 

 inches long, naked, supporting five or six flowers, 

 alternate, sessile, greenish, with purple tips. 



The fourth has "the stem upright, about a foot 

 highjjointed and succulent : the leaves broad, deep- 

 ly cut on their edges, of a grayish colour, opposite 

 almost embracing: peduncles terminating, about 

 six inches long, sustaining seven or eight small 

 flowers of a deep yellow colour. It is a native of 

 Egypt, &c. flowering in July and August. 



Culture. — All these sorts are easily increased 

 by cuttings of their young succulent branches 

 2 



planted out in the spring or summer months, 

 after being exposed for a week or ten days to heal 

 over the cut parts, in pots of dry sand or coin- 

 post ; placing them either in the green-house, 

 or a frame, to have shelter from wet, and occa- 

 sional shade; but it is of great advantage to plunge 

 them in a bark -bed, or other hot-bed, in forward- 

 ing their striking roots, giving occasional shade, 

 and water once a week: they should be hardened 

 to the full air during the summer months. 



They afford ornament and variety among other 

 green-house plants. 



COVENTRY BELLS. See Campanula. 

 CRAMBE, a genus affording plants of the 

 esculent and shrubby exotic kinds. 



It belongs to the class and order Tetradynamia 

 Siliaiiosa, and ranks in the natural order of Si- 

 liquosce. 



Thecharactersare: thattheealyx isafour-leav- 

 ed perianth : leaflets ovate, channelled, somewhat 

 spreading, deciduous: the corolla four-petalled, 

 cruciform : petals large, obtuse, broad, spreading : 

 claws erect-spreading, length of the calyx : the 

 staminahave six filaments, two the length of the 

 calyx, four longer, with a two-cleft tip : anthers 

 simple, on the exterior branch of the filaments : 

 a melliferous gland between the corolla and the 

 longer stamens on each side: the pistillum is 

 an oblong germ: style none: stigma thickish : 

 the pericarpium is a dry berry, globose, one- 

 celled, deciduous: the seed single and roundish. 

 The species are: 1. C. maritima, Sea Cab- 

 bage, or Colewort; 2. C.fruticosa, Shrubby Sea 

 Cabbage, or Colewort ; 3. C. strigosa, Rough- 

 leaved Shrubby Sea Cohvort. 



The first has roots creeping under ground, by 

 which it propagates fast : the whole plant is 

 smooth : the lower leaves are petioled, very large, 

 and spreading on the ground, variously waved, 

 jagged and indented ; smooth, glaucous, some- 

 times tinged with purple : many stalks arise 

 among these, two feet high, spreading and much 

 branched bearing similar but sessile Teaves : the 

 flowers on long peduncles, white. It is a native 

 of the heachy coasts of Sweden, &c. 



The second species is a stiff shrub, with leafy 

 branches: leaves alternate, petioled, deeply tooth- 

 ed, pinnatified, or pinnate, with the divisions ser- 

 rate ; hoary : the branchlets terminate in a large, 

 diffused panicle, with alternate, divaricate, ra- 

 cemed branchlets; the racemes short. It is a na- 

 tive of Madeira ; flowering most part of the year. 

 The third is a rugged shrub : the stem erect, 

 round, loosely branched, ash-coloured, the height 

 of a man : the leaves alternate, oblong ovate, 

 either undivided or eared, obliquely subcordate 

 acuminate, unequally toothed, wrinkled, nerved^ 

 bright green on both sides, spreading, reclined, 

 and four times as large as those of the second : 



