EVE 



E U G 



most proper period; as in the former case the 



plants will be in no danger of being injured by 

 stagnant moisture in the winter, and in the 

 latter there will be no risque of their being de- 

 stroyed by the heat and dryness of the summer, 

 before they become perfectly established. 



In the planting of Evergreens it is seldom 

 necessary to put them in to any great depth, as 

 they are very liable to be destroyed by deep 

 planting. There is likewise another circum- 

 stance that ought to be regarded, which is that 

 of having the mould in which they are to be 

 set sufficiently fine, and the roots well bedded 

 in it, without being much cut in or retrenched. 

 In all cases the loose mould should be well 

 trodden in about them; and the more tall grow- 

 ing kinds well supported with strong stakes, so 

 as to keep them perfectly steady in their situa- 

 tions. Numbers of trees of this as well as 

 other sorts are destroyed for want of attention 

 in this respect. 



The pruning or cutting in of this sort of 

 trees, where it is necessary, should be performed 

 either in the more advanced spring season, or the 

 latter part of the summer, but never in the 

 winter season, as they are liable to much injury 

 from cold. This is equally necessary to be re- 

 garded in the clipping of hedges constituted of 

 plants of this sort. 



Many of these sorts of trees and shrubs are 

 sufficiently hardy to admit of being planted in 

 most sorts of soils and situations. The tall- 

 growing kinds are well adapted for affording or- 

 nament and variety in mixture with those of the 

 deciduous class in extensive plantations, and 

 such as are of a shrubby growth in the borders, 

 clumps, and other parts of ornamented grounds. 

 In these situations they should be suffered as 

 much as possible to take their natural growth, 

 especially the fir kinds, and in the others only 

 very little cut in, and the dead wood removed. 



In the forming of hedges various plants of 

 this sort are employed ; but the best are those 

 of the holly, yew, evergreen privet, and box 

 kind; though the common laurel and laurusti- 

 nus may be the most advisable where they are 

 required to be lofty. These are likewise capa- 

 ble of being trained so as to cover naked walls, 

 palings, or other unpleasant objects. Hedges 

 formed of these plants should be clipped in once 

 or twice during the summer season, so as to 

 keep them in perfect neat order. 



Various ornamental devices were formerly 

 made with these and other sorts of evergreens 

 in gardens ; but these are at present little in use, 

 as a better and less troublesome taste prevails. 



It has been remarked by the author of " The 

 Philosophy of Gardening," that in these sorts of 



trees and shrubs, the buds rise in the bosoms of 

 the leaves, which, as they are not shed in the 

 autumn, they continue to oxygenate the juice 

 of the plants, and supply nutriment to the buds 

 during the fine days in the winter and spring 

 seasons, surviving till nearly the middle of sum- 

 mer, when the new buds have expanded leaves 

 of their own. It is hence conjectured that 

 evergreens provide no store of nourishment in 

 their roots or alburnum in the summer for the 

 support of their ensuing vernal buds, and of 

 course have piobably no bleeding season, as is 

 the case with those of the deciduous kind. 



There is another circumstance which has been 

 stated by Dr. Milne, in his Botanical Dictionary, 

 to take place in respect to evergreens, which is, 

 that when they are engrafted on those of the 

 deciduous sort, it determines the latter to retain 

 their leaves. This is asserted to be confirmed 

 by repeated experience, in grafting the laurel, 

 lauro-cerasus, an evergreen, on the common 

 cherry, cercmis, and the iltx, an evergreen oak, 

 on the common oak. 



EVERGREEN THORN. See Mespilus 

 Pyracantha. 



EVERLASTING. See Gnaphaliui*. 



EVERLASTING PEA. See Lathyrus. 



EUGENIA, a genus containing plants of the 

 exotic shrub or tree kind. 



It belongs to the class and order Icosandria. 

 Monogijnia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Hesperidece. 



The characters are : that the calyx is a 

 one-leafed superior perianth, elevated in the 

 middle into a subvillose little ball, four-parted ; 

 divisions oblong, obtuse, concave, permanent : 

 the corolla has four petals, twice as large as the 

 calyx, oblong, obtuse, concave : the stamina 

 have very many filaments, inserted into the ball 

 of the calyx, length of the corolla : anthers 

 small : the pistillum is a turbinate, inferior 

 germ : style simple, length of the stamens : 

 stigma simple : the pericarpium is a four-cor- 

 nered drupe, crowned, one-celled : the seed a 

 roundish, smooth nut. 



The species cultivated are: 1 . E. malaccensis, 

 Broad-leaved Eugenia ; 2. E. jamlos, Narrow- 

 leaved Eugenia; 3. E.uriiflora, One-flowered 

 Eugenia. 



The first, in its native situation, rises with a 

 tree-like stem, from twenty to thirty feet high, 

 covered with a brown bark, and sending out 

 many branches. The leaves are oblong, ending 

 in acute points, opposite ; when young of a 

 bright purple colour, but as they grow older 

 becoming of a light green. The flowers are 

 produced on the sides of the branches; every 

 peduncle branching into three or four others, 



