F O S 



F R A 



view, or be verv perceptible from the garden slopes evenly from each line of level at top to 

 or pleasure-ground. that at bottom, and sow each slope with grass, 



Another fence of this sort « formed with both or lay them with turf, as most proper. The 

 sides sloping, and in perpendicular depth from fence along the bottom may be either close 

 four to five or six feet, having a fence near that paling, rails, or palisadoes, as most convenient; 

 height arranged along the bottom ; the sides the height proportionable to the depth of the 

 being sloped gradually from the bottom to ten fosse, but not higher, or at least but very little, 

 or twenty feet width, or more, at top ; as the than the line of level at the top of the fosse, 

 more easy and imperceptible the slope the bet- In the execution of the work in both cases 

 ter, particularly on the field side. The sides the internal materials should be well trodden or 

 must be sown or laid with grass. In this, as rammed in, in order that the whole may be ren- 

 both sides are sloped, a fence along the bottom dered perfectly solid, and prevented from sink- 

 is necessary as a defence against cattle, &c. ing irregularly. 



which may be either strong paling, or any kind FOTHERGILLA, a genus containing a plant 

 of palisado-work, the height in proportion to of the low under shrubby kind. 

 the perpendicular depth of the sunk fence, as It belongs to the class and order Vobjandria 

 the top should not be higher than that of the Digynia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 slopes. Amenlaccce. 



In constructing the first sort of fences of this The characters are : that the calyx is an one- 

 nature, begin by setting out the intended width by leaved perianthium, bell-shaped, close, truncate, 

 two ranges of short stakes; then level in the stakes short, permanent : there is no corolla : the sta- 

 by notching, according to the intended height of minahave very many filiform filaments, thicker 

 the top on each side, corresponding with the ad- at top, long : anthers minute, erect, quadran- 

 jacent ground, making up both the top lines gular; the pistillum is an ovate, bifid germ: 

 with earth firmly, according to the line of level styles two, subulate, terminating, the length of 

 marked on the stakes ; then close along the side the stamens : the pericarpium is a hardened, 

 of the line of the intended upright side, proceed two-lobed, two-celled capsule: lobes two- 

 to dig a trench three feet wide, perpendicularly valved : the seeds solitary and bony. 

 to the intended depth ; and as you go on, work The species is jP. alvifoUa, Alder-leaved Fo- 

 also the sloping side gradually down, still con- thergilla. 



tinue digging the trench perpendicularly next It is a tree having the appearance and leaves 

 the garden, &c. till arrived at the proper depth; of Alder. The leaves are alternate, petioled, 

 when level the bottom equally along according wedge-shaped, entire, serrate at the tip, serra- 

 to the lines of level at top ; and having proceed- tures very large and few, the upper surface 

 ed so far, then, according to the line of level green, the lower hoary, the younger ones white 

 at top and bottom, trim and finish off the with nap underneath. The flowers in a close 

 sloping side regularly, so as to form an even spike at the end of the stem, like an oblong 

 slope from the outside line at top to that at head, and white. Capsules large, ovate, very 

 bottom : as to the upright side, a wall must be hirsute, sharp, two-celled : the valves opening 

 erected to the height of the line of level at top, into four points, until the seeds are ripe. The 

 making good the ground behind the wall, firmly, flowers come out in the beginning of spring from 

 as the building advances, and finishing the top the buds at the end of the branches before the 

 with a coat of turf level with the adjoining leaves, and are of a white colour. It is a native of 

 ground ; at the same time also finish the slope, North America, flowering from April to June, 

 either by sowing it with grass-seeds, or laying it There are varieties of it, with broad leaves,, 

 with turf, as most convenient. and with narrow leaves. 



In forming the second sort, set out the width Culture. — These plants are raised with facili- 

 by two lines of stakes ; then level them in, and ty, by parting the roots in the autumn or spring 

 make up the ground of each line according to season, and planting them out in the places 

 the mark of level, as before; then exactly along where the plants are to grow, 

 the middle, between the two lines of stakes, They afford ornament and variety in the fronts 

 dig a trench two or three feet wide, to the in- of the borders and clumps in pleasure-grounds, 

 tended depth of the fence, sloping each side a among others of similar growth; and from their 

 little as you go on, still continuing the trench hardy nature require little trouble, 

 perpendicularly, till arrived at the due depth; FOX-GLOVE. See Digitalis. 

 then, as in the former, level the bottom an FRAGARIA, a genus comprising a plant 

 equal depth, by stakes, agreeable to the lines of of the low herbaceous perennial hardy fruit kind, 

 level at top: when this is effected, finish oft' both It belongs to the class and order Icosandria 



