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boundaries or borders being introduced all round rounded by woods is a very improper situation 

 within them, and the inner compartments di- for a garden or orchard, as a fouj stagnant air is 

 vided into a variety of narrow straight borders very unfavourable to vegetation." It is likc- 

 or plain four-feet wide parallel beds, having two- wise added that "blights are much more fre- 

 feet wide alleys between; the whole of them quent in such situations than in those that are 

 being laid in a rounding form, and neatly edged more open and exposed." In these sheltering 

 with dwarf box, or some other plant suited to plantations, Mr. Forsyth advises that fruit-trees 

 the purpose; and the walks and alleys laid with should be intermixed with those of the forest 

 the finest sand; but at present they are mostly kind, which, besides being advantageous in the 

 arranged so as to suit the nature of the situa- way of affording shelter, ornament, and fruit, 

 tion, produce the most ornamental effect, and become nurseries for raising forest-trccs. 

 afford the greatest ease, convenience, and sue- But where the situations will not admit of 

 cess in the culture of the flowers. this, he suggests the propriety of planting some 



They should contain all the different sorts of cross rows of fruit-trees in the garden at the di- 

 hardy curious ornamental flower plants, whether stances of about forty or seventy varus from 

 of the bulbous, tuberous, or fibrous rooted each other, more or less, in proportion to the 

 kinds. extent: where the length is considerable, one 



The second division, or kitchen-garden, must row may be sufficient on each side, but in short 

 belaid out in different methods, according to cross rows two on each side the walks or paths, 

 the differences in the circumstances of the In this intention the trees should not be planted 

 ground. It is sometimes so managed as to con- opposite one another, but in such a manner as 

 etitute apart of, or communicate with, the plea- that those in one row may be opposite to the 

 sure-ground ; but where there is sufficient ex- middle parts of the open spaces in the others. 

 tent of land, it is better to be distinct, or detach- In this method, besides the ornamental effect 

 ed from it, and in every case as much concealed that is produced, the force of violent winds 

 from the house as possible. The most convent- is broken, and much damage to other trees pre- 

 ent distribution is at some distance behind it; vented. 



but on the sides may answer very well, espe- In this view, the best sort of trees, according 

 cially when not too contiguous, or so situated to Mr. Forsyth, is that of dwarfs, with stem's 

 as to interrupt any particular prospect. about two feet high, which may readily be pro* 



In regard to the nature of the situation most vided by removing the lower branches, 

 proper for the purpose, it should, when conve- In fixing upon ground for a garden, it is like- 

 nient, be where there is a gentle declination to- wise a point of much importance to have the 

 wards the south or south-east, in order that it natural soil of a good quality, being sufficiently 

 may have the full advantage of the morning sun. dry, mellow, and capable of being easily 

 Mr. Forsvth remarks inhis "Treatiseon the Cul- wrought in all seasons, as well as of a good 

 ture and Management of Fruit-trees," that "if it depth, as from a foot and half to three feet, 

 be situated in a bottom, the wind will have the less And if the surface be uneven, it will be the btt- 

 eflect upon it ; but then the damps and fogs will ter, as there, will be a greater variety in the qua- 

 be very prejudicial to the fruit and other crops;" hty.and of course it will be more fully adapted to 

 and that when " situated too high, although it the culture of different crops. The most proper 

 will in a great measure be free from damps and sort of soil for this purpose is that of the rich 

 fogs, it will be exposed to the fury of the winds, friable loamy kind, and the worst those of the 

 to the great hurt of the trees, by breaking their very light, sandy, and stiff clayey descriptions, 

 branches, and blowing down their blossoms and But the properties of soils may be much im- 

 fruit." It s-hould therefore, in his opinion, proved in most cases by a judicious application 

 "be well sheltered from the north and east to of different sorts of materials in the way of 

 prevent the blighting winds from affecting the manure. See Soil and Manure. 

 trees, and also from the westerly winds, which Where fruit-trees, especially those of the 

 are very hurtful in the spring or summer finer, as well as apple and pear kinds, are to be 

 months." Where it is not " naturally sheltered planted, a greater depth of good soil, as well as 

 with gentle rising hills, which are the best shel- a greater degree of dryness, is necessary, 

 ter of any, planrations of forest-trees should," There are very different opinions in respect to 

 he says, *■' be made at proper distances, so as the most proper and advantageous forms for this 

 not U* shade it." These, he supposes, will be sort of culture; but though much must con- 

 found the best substitute, but at the same time stantly depend on the nature of the situation, 

 the sun and air should be freely admitted. On where the spade is to be made use of in perform- 

 this account it is supposed that " a place sur- ing the work, the square shape, or that which 



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