GAR 



G A R 



placed in a cylinder, simple, shorter tlian the 

 calyx: the anthers roundish: the pisiillum is a 

 superior germ, subovul : style scarcely any ; stig- 

 ma flat, spreading, peltate, eight-cleft, obtuse, 

 permanent : the pcricarpium is a coriaceous 

 herrv, globular, large, one-celled, crowned 

 willi the stigma: the seeds eight, convex on 

 one side, angular on the other, villose, and 

 fleshy. 



The species cultivated is G. Mangos/ana, 

 Mangostan or Mangosteen. 



It rises in its native situation with an upright 

 stem near twenty feel high, sending out many 

 branches on every side, which are placed oppo- 

 site, and stand oblique to each other, and not 

 at right angles; the bark of the branches is 

 smooth, of a gray .colour; but on the tender 

 shoots it is green, and that of the trunk -is of a 

 darker colour, and full of cracks : the leaves are 

 entire ; they are seven or eight inches long, and 

 about half as much in breadth in the middle, 

 gradually diminishing to both ends, of a lucid 

 green on their upper side, and of an olive co- 

 lour on the under, having a prominent midrib 

 through the middle, with several small veins 

 running from that to both sides of the leaf. The 

 flower is like that of a single-rose, composed of 

 four roundish petals, which are thick at their 

 base, but thinner towards their ends, and of a 

 dark red colour. The fruit is round, the size of 

 a middling orange, the top being covered by a 

 cap. It has a delicious flavour, partaking of 

 the strawberry and grape ; being esteemed one 

 of the richest fruits in the world. It is a na- 

 tive of the Molucca Islands. 



Culture. — 'These plants are increased by sow- 

 ing the seeds in pots filled with light mould, in 

 the situations where they grow naturally, being 

 afterwards brought hither, and when the plants 

 are of sufficient growth removed into separate 

 pots, and plunged in the bark-bed of the stove, 

 due shade being given till they become well 

 established. They should afterwards be ma- 

 naged in the same way as tender exotics. 



They are also capable of being increased by 

 planting cuttings of the young shoots in pots of 

 light earth, and plunging them in the bark- 

 bed. 



The plants afford variety in stove collections. 



GARDENIA, a genus containing a plant of 

 the flowering shrubby kind for the stove. 



It belongs to the class and order Pentandria 

 Monogynia, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Contortce, 



The characters are : that the calyx is a one- 

 leafed five-cleft perianthium, superior: divi- 

 sions upright, permanent : the corolla is one- 

 petalled, funnel-form, or salver-form : tube cy- 



lindric, longer than the calyx i border flat, five- 

 parted: the stamina have no filaments: anthers five, 

 inserted into the mouth of the tube, linear, streak- 

 ed, half the length of the border : the pistillum is 

 an inferior germ : style filiform or club-shaped : 

 Stigma standing out, ovate, obluse, two-lobcd., 

 often furrowed : the pericarpium is a berry (ber- 

 ried -drupe), dry, one-, two-, or four-celled : the 

 seeds very many, flatted, imbricate, in rows 

 (two rows iji each cell). 



The species cultivated are: 1. G. Jlarida, 

 Fragrant Gardenia, or Cape Jasmin ; 2. G. acu- 

 iea/a,, Round -leaved Gardenia. 



The first has a large and woody stem, sending 

 out many branches, which are first green, but 

 afterwards the bark becomes gray and smooth ; 

 the branches come out by pairs opposite, and 

 have short joint s ; the leaves also are opposite, close 

 to the branches ; they are rive inches long, and 

 •two inches and a half broad in the middle, les- 

 sening to both ends, terminating in a point; 

 they are of a lucid green, having several trans- 

 verse veins from the midrib to the borders; they 

 are entire, and of a thick consistence. The 

 flowers are produced at the ends of the branches, 

 sitting close to the leaves. When fully blown, 

 the double flower is as large as a middling rose. 

 It has a very agreeable odour on the first ap- 

 proach, something like that of the orange-flower, 

 but, on being more closely smelt to., like the 

 common double white Narcissus. It is a na- 

 tive of the Cape., flowering in July or August. 



It varies with single and double flowers. 



The second species is a small shrub rising by 

 a branched stalk, and shooting commonly to 

 the height of seven or eight feet ; the main stem 

 tough and hard ; the branches somewhat prickly 

 at the ends; the leaves of an oval form, and 

 growing in tufts. It is a native of the West 

 Indies. 



Culture. — The first sort may be increased by 

 planting cuttings of the young shoots in pots 

 of light rich mould, in the summer season, 

 plunging;them in a moderate tan hot-bed, and 

 covering them close with bell-glasses, giving 

 due shade till they have stricken root. When 

 this has been fully effected, they should be care- 

 fully removed into separate small pots, and re- 

 plunged in the hot-bed. When they are become 

 well established, they should be gradually inured 

 to the influence of the air. 



The second sort may be raised by sowing the 

 seeds in pots filled with light fresh earth in the 

 early spring months, plunging them in a bark 

 hot-bed, frequent slight waterings being given. 

 After the plants come up they should have free 

 air in fine weather, and be often watered. When 

 of some growth they should be carefully re- 

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