H I E 



produce much variety by their beautiful flowers 

 in the stove and conservatory collections. 



HIFRAC1UM, a genus containing plantsof 



the hardy, herbaceous, flowery, perennial kind. 



Jt belongs to the class and order Syngetiesia 



Polygomia JEqualis, and ranks in the natural 



order of Cumpusilce Semijloscutosce. 



The characters are : that the ealvx is common, 

 imbricate, ovate : scales several, linear, very un- 

 equal, longitudinal and incumbent : the corolla 

 compound, imbricate, uniform : corollules her- 

 maphrodite, numerous, equal : proper monope- 

 talous, ligulate, linear, truncate, live-toothed : 

 the stamina have five capillary filaments, very 

 short: anther cylindric, tubulous: the pistillum 

 is a subovate germ : style filiform, the length of 

 the stamens : stigmas two, bowed back t there 

 is no pericarpium : calyx converging, ovate : 

 the seeds solitary, obtusely four-cornered, short : 

 down capillary, sessile: the receptacle naked. 



The species cultivated are : H. aurantiacum, 

 Orange flowered Hawk weed; 2. H. chondiil- 

 loides, Gum -Succory Hawkweed. 



There are several other species that have been 

 cultivated-, but which possess little merit. 



The first has perennial, creeping roots : the 

 stem scarcely branched (except with the pe- 

 duncles), bearded with while hairs placed on 

 black glands, upright, a foot or a foot and a half 

 in height (two feet high) : the leaves next the 

 root rather ovate, on the stem ovate-lanceolate 

 or lanceolate, quite entire, dusky green, narrow- 

 ing into the petiole, obtuse, alternate, the upper 

 ones sessile ; the lower ones a span long, and an 

 inch broad : the stipules very small, lanceolate : 

 the flowers eight or ten, orange-coloured, on 

 short pedicels, forming a short panicle. It is a 

 native of Austria, &c. flowering from June to 

 autumn. It was formerly distinguished by the 

 titles Golden Mouse-ear; and w Hen- of a dark 

 colour, Grim the Collier. 



It varies in the colour of the flower, from red 

 to orange, and several shades of yellow. 



The second species has the stem a span high, 

 and even : the root-leaves petioled, smooth : 

 stem-leaves five or six, alternate, long, with 

 Jong recurved teeth : the peduncles from the 

 upper axils of the leaves, the same height with 

 the stem, solitary, almost naked, one-flowered. 

 It is a native of the South of France, flowering 

 in June and July. 



Culture. — These plants are increased by sow- 

 ing the seeds in the early spring, on a bed or 

 border of fresh earth, in an eastern exposure. 

 When the plants are a few inches high, they 

 shouid be removed into other beds, to stand till 

 the autumn, when they should be planted where 

 they are to remain. But it is a better prac- 



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tice to plant them at first where they are to 

 grow. 



They may likewise be increased bv planting 

 slips of the roots in the autumn or spring where 

 they are to remain. 



In both modes they should be well watered 

 when the season is dry. 



The roots continue many years when planted 

 in a soil that is not too rich or moist. 



They afford variety in the fronts of the bor- 

 ders, clumps, and other parts of pleasure- 

 grounds. 



HIPPOPHAE, a genus furnishing plants of 

 the hardy deciduous shrubby kind. 



It belongs to the class and order Dioecia Te- 

 trandria, and ranks in the natural order of Ca- 

 lyaflorce. 



The characters are : that in the male the calyx 

 is a one-leafed perianthium, two-parted, tw'o- 

 valved, with the bottom entire; the parts round- 

 ish, blunt, concave, upright, converging at the 

 tips, and gaping on the sides : there is no corol- 

 la : the stamina have four filaments, very short: 

 anthers oblong, angular, almost the length of 

 the calyx. Female — the calyx is a one-leafed 

 perianthium, ovate-oblong, tubular, club-shap- 

 ed, with the mouth cloven, deciduous : there is 

 no corolla : the pistillum is a roundish, small 

 germ : style simple, very short : stigma thick- 

 ish, oblong, upright, twice as long as the calyx : 

 the pericarpium is a superior berry, sub-globu- 

 lar, one-celled : the seed single, oblong, hard, 

 shining. 



The species are : 1 . H. rhamnoides, Common 

 Sea Buckthorn, or Sallow Thorn ; 2. H. Cana- 

 densis, Canadian Sea Buckthorn. 



The first rises with shrubby stalks eight or ten 

 feet high, sending out manv irregular branches, 

 which have a brown bark silvered over: the 

 leaves are narrow or linear-lanceolate, about two 

 inches long, and a quarter of an inch broad in 

 the middle, of a dark green on their upper side, 

 but hoary on their under, with a prominent 

 midrib ; the borders are reflex ed as in the rose- 

 mary ; they are placed alternate on every side of 

 the branches, and sit close to them ; and there 

 are little, clustered, peltate, ciliate, pale scales 

 scattered over them ■ the branches spread wide, 

 are straight, stiff, and thorny at the ends ; the 

 lesser ones numerous, scattered, short, and 

 spreading: the flowers solitary, appearing before 

 the leaves, generally abortive, unless the shrub 

 grows in its natural situation : the male flowers 

 below the leaves, between a branch and a one- 

 valved, permanent bud, the length of the flower: 

 the female flowers sessile in the axils of the 

 lower leaves : the former are sub-sessile, some- 

 what spiked, disposed in four rows along the 



