HOE 



HOE 



lesser branches. The flowers conic out from 

 the branchlets of the former year; and the 

 berries are abundant, on short peduncles, 

 gratefully acid to the taste. It is a native of 

 many parts of Europe, flowering from May to 

 June. In sunny, sandy situations, it is planted 

 for hedges ; and it is used for dyeing yellow. 

 It varies with red berries. 

 The second species has the appearance of the 

 first, but the leaves are broader, only half the 

 length, of an ovate or oblong-ovate form ; on 

 the upper surface green, with diverging hairs, 

 in bundles, scarcely to be discerned by the naked 

 eye ; on the lower, silvery with hairs and scales, 

 and have rust-coloured dots scattered over them : 

 the branches are opposite ; and the racemes 

 simple among the first leaves, upright, and 

 shorter by halT than the leaves. It is a native 

 of Canada. 



Culture. — These shrubs are easily propagated 

 by planting suckers taken off from the roots 

 in autumn, in the nursery. After they have 

 had one year's growth, they are fit to plant out 

 where they are to remain. They may also be 

 increased by layers ; but the roots spread and 

 put up such abundance of suckers, that there is 

 no necessity to be at this trouble. 



They are also sometimes raised by planting 

 cuttings of the young shoots as above. 



As these shrubs have but little beauty, it will 

 be sufficient to have one or two of them in 

 plantations or borders. 



HOE, an useful and well-known garden im- 

 plement. 



Hoes are of different kinds, as Drawing and 

 Scuffling Hoes, and each sort has different sizes. 

 The first sort is fixed with its edge inward ; 

 the workman, in using it, draws it towards him. 

 It is one of the most useful implements of 

 gardening, for many purposes, both for general 

 hoeing, and in drawing drills for sowing many 

 sorts of seeds, loosening the earth about, and 

 moulding up the stems of plants; and hoe- 

 ing down weeds between all sorts of plants 

 that stand distant enough to admit it. It is the 

 best adapted of any for thinning out esculent 

 crops to proper distances, to acquire their proper 

 growth, such as onions, carrots, parsnips, tur- 

 nips, spinach, &c. 



Of this kind there should be three or four dif- 

 ferent sizes, from six inches width down to two 

 inches. 



The first size is a large Hoe for common use, 

 about six inches long in the plate, by three or 

 four broad, fixed on a long handle for both 

 hands, and is the proper sort to use for all com- 

 mon hoeing work, and for drawing drills, for 

 sowing peas, beans, kidney-beans, 8cc. with. It 



is the most eligible sized Hoe of any for broad- 

 hoeing between rows of all those kinds of plants, 

 and all others that stand distant enough, either 

 in rows or otherwise, for the Hoe to pass be- 

 tween them, both to cut down weeds and loosen 

 the ground, and to earth up the stems of the 

 plants, and for all other purposes of hoeing 

 where the plants stand distant, both in the 

 kitchen- and pleasure-garden. 



The second size should be about four inches 

 in the plate long-ways, and the same breadth as 

 the above. It is useful for drawing drills, and 

 for hoeing among various plants, where the for- 

 mer sort of Hoe cannot be commodiously em- 

 ployed ; as well as to thin some sorts of escu- 

 lent crops that require moderate distances ; such 

 as Dutch turnips, general crops of carrots, pars- 

 nips, See. It is also a proper sized Hoe for 

 hoeing common flower-beds and borders, &c. 

 with. 



The third size should be two inches and a 

 half, or not more than three inches broad in 

 the plate ; and he fixed on a short handle to use 

 with one hand in small-hoeing, thinning out 

 several sorts of esculent crops, and other 

 work among close-growing plants. A similar 

 one should also be had fixed on a longer handle, 

 to use two-handed in hoeing borders and other 

 compartments of smaller plants, standing near 

 together both in the kitchen -ground and flower- 

 garden, &c. This sized hoe, on a short one- 

 hand handle, is likewise particularly useful for 

 small - hoeing, moulding, and thinning out 

 many kitchen-garden crops in young growth ; 

 such as onions, leeks, carrots, parsnips, spinach, 

 &c. to cut them out to the proper distances. 

 It is also a very convenient size for use on many 

 other occasions of hoeing ; and for drawing 

 small drills for sowing many kinds of seeds ; 

 and hoeing r Ujp flower-beds, ike. where the larger 

 Hoes cannot be readily admitted between the 

 plants, so as to stir the mould effectually. 



The fourth size should be about two inches 

 width, and fixed in a short handle. It is proper 

 for small-hoeing onions and small crops of car- 

 rots, radishes, &c. the first time, where they 

 stand pretty close, and where it is not designed 

 to thin them out at once to their full distance, 

 but to leave them rather thickish for culling, 

 &c. B 



The edges of the Hoes should constantly be 

 kept sharp by occasional grinding, that they 

 may cut clean. 



The second sort, or Scuffling Hoe, is com- 

 monly called a Dutch Hoe. It is fixed with the 

 edge outward on the end of a long handle, so as 

 that the person using it may push it from him, 

 going backward, and never treading on the hoed 



