2 20 ILLUSTRATED HORSE-BREAKING. 



Shying, — Leaving out all cases of shying which 

 are due to defective sight, I venture to say that 

 the vast majority of shyers can be made to 

 relinquish this annoying trick, merely by giving 

 them good mouths with the long reins on foot. 

 This mouthing practice, not alone, makes the 

 horse attentive, as well as obedient, to the indica- 

 tions of the rein, but it also teaches discipline, and 

 gives the animal confidence in his director; and, 

 hence, removes the two causes of shying : namely, 

 fear, and wilfulness. If the shyer shows great 

 timidity, which is often combined with impatience 

 of control (see page 4), the animal should be rendered 

 quiet, as described in Chapter III. All these 

 remarks apply equally well to shying off the ball 

 at polo, and off the peg at tent-pegging, and 

 to other forms of yawing about, and not going 

 straight. 



Stargazing. — See " Chucking up the head." 

 Tender-motUhed. — We may overcome any undue 



