APPENDIX II 435 



plain, almost to bareness, and the rooms, class-rooms, bed- 

 rooms, etc. — are well arranged and adapted for their purposes. 

 The stables, byres, outhouses, storehouses, etc., are clean and 

 well kept. A well-furnished museum is an important part 

 of the establishment. For teaching purposes there are — 

 skeletons of horses and other animals ; plaster models of 

 cattle made to a scale of one-sixth of the natural size, and 

 coloured to show the prevailing colour of the animals them- 

 selves. The red Devon, the English Shorthorn, the small 

 Jersey, the big Swiss Semmenthaler, and all other well-known 

 breeds are brought together. Different breeds of sheep and 

 pigs are presented in the same way. There is a collection of 

 agricultural implements. There are samples of honey and 

 other produce, and of all kinds of grain ; wax models of 

 fruit, flowers, mushrooms, etc., and also of the organs and 

 intestines of animals. 



There is a good collection of stuffed birds, with descriptions 

 of the habits of birds, whether good or hurtful for the farmer. 

 The owl, so often destroyed in England, is held here to be very 

 useful to the cultivator. There are large plaster casts, show- 

 ing the configuration of the land, nature of soils, etc., for miles 

 around. These objects are common to most of the agricul- 

 tural institutions of the country. The models of cattle, for 

 instance, are regularly made and sold in Berlin for the use of 

 schools (cost 50s. each). One model was new to me, that of 

 a grain of wheat enlarged to the size of a loaf. It was so 

 made that it could be taken to pieces. The outside — the 

 bran — first stripped off, then the next coat — the sharps — and 

 so on to the white core within. Altogether these object- 

 lessons illustrate the boundless interest with which the life of 

 the cultivator of the soil can be infused if he is trained in 

 the " why and the wherefore " of the things he does. The 

 fees for board, lodging, teaching, and service in this school 

 are £18. 5s. a year for those who belong to the Grand Duchy, 

 and £21. los. for outsiders. There are no extras except that 

 each pupil has to provide his own bedding and to pay a 

 small sum — a few shillings — for which he gets medical 

 attendance when needed and insurance against loss by fire 

 of his clothes and other belongings. 



