230 From Matter to Man. 



is constantly renewing his being from the embers of 

 his own and others' decay. He is but the flame of a 

 candle, alive only so long as he is alight. 



(9) Animal Intelligence. — As the heritage of past 

 ignorance and the treasure trove of theological super- 

 stition, man, until recently, claimed possession of an 

 intelligence distinct from that of the lower animals. 

 But the researches of Darwin, Romanes, Buechner, 

 Lubbock, and others have shown that the objections 

 to extending a mind, or its equivalent, to animals, 

 are as frivolous as man's arrogant attempts to retain 

 a monopoly of it have been both whimsical and 

 pitiful. 



In the first place, What is Animal Intelligence ? 

 Fundamentally, it is solely discriminate motion or 

 the power or faculty of accurate selection ; the pur- 

 pose of which selection primarily is to enable animals 

 to supply themselves with like materials to them- 

 selves, as food ; to protect themselves from enemies ; 

 and, generally, to help them to live to the best 

 advantage for themselves and their kind. Problems, 

 of course, which the lowest organisms only perceive 

 and solve automatically. 



A preliminary query thus' is, What is the mechan- 

 ism and motive power of animal intelligence ? 



As animals are of infinite kinds, ranging from the 

 simplest unicellular organism with no more apparent 

 structure than a speck of mucilage, to insects, birds, 

 and apes, with infinitely complex mechanisms, it 

 follows that intelligence must more or less mark time 



