_ "7 _ 



orchard vhere infectrtion "'ac litjht, all the nntori.^ls gave good 

 conihercial control. In the face of the heavy attack, ho^"ever, 

 lead arsenate vrs the nopt effective material, and phenothlazine 

 lef'St. Furthermore, the calcium arsenates all caused more or less 

 folia^^e injury. The te^^ts indicated th;^t none of the substitutes 



05 yet eoual ].ead arsenate for codling moth control. 



Studies of insecticides in apple maggot control included 

 tests ivith phenothlazine, pov^dered cube root, pnd hydrated lime. 

 Kydrated lime gave little or no control. The results vith cube 

 and phenothlazine were promising, indiceting that further work 

 v/ith these materials may lead to an effective poison and replace 

 Ip.fid arsenate in late sea.son applications. 



Complete mortality of a'ople maggots in fruit i-'as secured 

 from storage at 32*^ F. for a 30-day period. Storage at 36''' F. 

 killed all mae,'^^otB in ^R days. A few larvae survived exposure to 

 i^QO F. for 70~days. 



A survey of Oriental peach moth infestation in four 

 counties in vrestern New York shou'ed an average parasitism of 

 23.96;^ of 1st brood and R2.9l5 of 2nd brood larvae in the two 

 counties where Macrocontrus parasites had been present for from 



6 to 3 years. Farasitisr. was fou.nd to be H-.K'J'^ and J J\-'^% respec- 

 tively for the two broods in the tv:o counties where parasites had 

 been present only four years. 



In tht5 countieLi whei-e pai'asitism wfis high, fruit moth 

 infestation was ^^.JS'^ while in the other counties the infestation 

 averaged 2^.^0;i. These figures indica.te a correlation between the 

 degree of -oarasitiGm and the amount of dam-^ge, and point out the 

 desirability of establishment of Macrocentru s parasites in peachi- 

 growing sections v/hore fruit moth is a serious pest. a t r_,,,t^„q 



Som.ething Ne"'- in Or chard S oils 



Through the cooperation of A. B. Beaumont and R. W. Don- 

 aldson, each soil type in Ma.ssachusetts is given a definite numer- 

 ical rating which Ihdic^^tes its adar^tabillty for the gro^'ing of 

 tree fruits. This method of scoring takes into account the parent 

 rock from which the soil originated, the fertility, texture, drain- 

 age, wpter holding capa.city, nature of the subsoil, and stoniness. 

 Thus far more than 60 individual coil types have been given a rat- 

 ing by these soils men, and plans are made for classifying the' 

 remaining soils of the state in the near future. This '-'ork yps 

 begun in Essex County some time ago when a study ^'as made of the 

 principal soil types of the county on which orchards had been 

 plantc;d. As the study proceeds, it is interesting to note the 

 coi'relntion between the rating of the soil and the productiveness 

 of the orchard. Invariably, the high producing orchard is found 

 to be growing on a soil with high rating. Massachusetts gro'^'ers 

 are apparently becoming soil conscious. Many of them a.re beginning 

 to call coils by their modern names, such as G-loucestern fine sandy 

 loam and Merrimac loamy sand. The former soil type is given a 

 rating of S5 for orchard purposes and the latter, 50. The plant- 

 ing of fruit "^rees on a soil which rates less than SO may ^'^ell be 

 considered as a mistake, and such trees are under a distinct handi- 

 cap. With even the m.oct intelligent m.anagement, they are unlikely 



