of materials and their influence on codling moth infestation. He says, "/il- 

 though the fruit in baited and illuminated trees v;as often less v;ormy than tha.t 

 in neighboring unsprayed trees, the oenefit vi/as not so great as that obtained 

 by spraying, or sufficiently pronounced to warrant at present zhe reconmendation 

 of bait or light trapping as a substitute for s.jraying. The work tnus far, 

 however, suggests that improvements and refinements both in tnc attractive ma- 

 terials and traps laay increase the off ectivenoss of such appliances sufficiently 

 to make them practical. Cherrdcally treated bunds will effectively destroy 

 large numbers of overwintering larvaj without injury to applo treus." More 

 Lassachusetts growers should use this method. 



Planting u Youn^ Orch.ird . Three public --tions on this subject huvu recently 

 been received as follo'.vs. "Pl.'.nting ..n Orch^.rd," (Bui. fr^266) by A. K. Gardner 

 and 0. L. Wyman, University of IJainej "Est:iblishing the Orchard," (Cir. ^202) 

 by T. J. Talbert, University of I/Iissouri, and "The Pl^^nting and Early Ci-ry of 

 the Apple Orchard," (Bui. 7^384) by J. Oskarap, Cornell University, All of these 

 publications stress the importune e of u good soil. In ohe lu.ine bulletin we 

 read, "A deep, well-dr>..ined soil is the first ossenti..l in selecting th- or- 

 chard site." The Llibsouri bulletin points out the need for good Care whilo 

 the trues are young, "The early life of the orchard is the most important. 

 Trees neglected for a single se^.son during this period may be ruined. On the 

 other hand, good culture will bring earlier and more abund^Tit harvests." 



Preven t ing Soil iLrosion . Iviissouri Research Bui. ;/=280, "The riffect of the De- 

 gree of Slope and Rainfall Characteristics on Runoff and Soil xJrosion," by J. 

 H. Neal, suggests something of real importance in New jingland orchards, naraely, 

 the need of preventing surface runoff on sloping sites. Heavy mulching is one 

 of the most effective moans of encouraging the penetration of rain water and 

 melting snow. In the above bulletin this statement is made. "If soil erosion 

 is to be controlled, it is imperative that the surface of the soil is not left 

 in a smooth condition during the season when rainfall of high intensities occur, 

 since a soil in a bare, smooth, hard condition will erode considerably more 

 than a similar soil in a rough condition. Vsgetation has a decided influence 

 in retarding erosion. By keeping the soil covered with v-getation, crosien 

 can be reduced." 



Baldvjins in Demand . In the Nov. 6 issue of "The Special iip^ixa Llarket Ropurt," 

 \V. "ij;. Piper says, "There is a relatively greater interest in Baldwins than in 

 I'clntosh this morning, reflecting trade demands for cooking apples. Baldwin 

 prices are fully steady and in sone quarters there are more sales around the 

 dollar mark than heretofore." The fellovnwho, after the cold winter of 1934 

 said the Baldwin was completely out of the picture, has been very quiet tnis 

 fall. 



Canadian Government Buying Nova Scotia jipples . Quoting again from Piper's 

 Apple Report, "The Government proposes tJ purchase l,5uO,000 and possibly 

 1,750,000 bbls. of Nova Scotian apples of export varieties for diversion to 

 processors for canning and drying. The 1939 Nova Scetian c>ji..mercial apple 

 crop is estimated ^t 2,169,0u0 bbls. The processed apples, tne repurt states, 

 are expected to EeVe overseas to the Allied Nations." This will help tu re- 



