-4- 



process will not continue after it is separated from the tree. (2) Harvest 

 carefully. (3) Protect fruit from frost. (4) There must not be too great 

 a degree of heat for that is the most powerful agent in promoting fermenta- 

 tion. (5) Maintain uniform temperature. (6) Keep in darkness. (7) The 

 atmosphere must be uniformly dry. 



With the exception of this last suggestion, Mr. Msjuiing's principles 

 are reasonably modern. Evidently he had not experienced the severe shrivelling 

 which occurs in certain varieties like Russet when kept in a dry storage. 

 Today we are convinced that high humidity in the storage is essential. 



Do You Know 



That Columbus is supposed to have brought the first orange seeds 

 to the New World on his second trip to America? Either Ponce de Leon or 

 De Soto introduced the orange to Florida. Early missionaries carried the 

 fruit north from Mexico into California in the 17th Century. 



That the codling moth is said to get its name from the fact that 

 its larvae causes small and gnarled fruit? In England these apples are called 

 "codlins" just as small ears of corn are called "nubbins." lYho added the 

 "g" or when it vras added is not kno^<^al. 



That approximately 500,000 bushels of apples went into apple juice 

 in Michigan last season. Most of the juice was canned in 20 and 43-ounce 

 cans. Apples for apple juice bring the grower 20 to 50/ per hundred pounds. 

 Y'Diile this is not a large price it does make an outlet for a type of apple 

 which should not be sold on the fresh fruit market. 



That the labor investment in spraying in one large, successful 

 orchard amounts to less than l/S of the total labor involved in producing 

 sind marketing the crop? Spraying costs, including labor, materials, and 

 depreciation of equipment ought not to run higher than 20)^ per bushel. 

 Some grovrers produce a good crop j^ear after year with a spray bill amounting 

 to 10 to 15/ per bushel. 



That fruits other than apples are also seriously affected by the 

 loss of export? Apple growers have lost export markets for about 10,000,000 

 bushels while citrus growers have lost markets for 3,000,000 boxes of oranges 

 and grapefruit. Exports of prunes this year are expected to total only about 

 18,000 tons compared with 108,000 tons in the year before the war. Raisin 

 exports will total only about 15,000 tons this year compared with 76,500 tons 

 the year before the war. 



That the Blakemore variety of strawberry makes up about 25^ of the 

 strawberry acreage in the United States? The next 15 varieties in order of 

 importance are as follo\vs: (The number following each variety is the percent 

 of the U. S. acreage.) Klondike-14, Aroma-11, Marshall-10, Howard 17-9, 

 Missionary-5, Catskill-4, Dorsett-4, Fairfax-3, Dunlap-2, Klonmore-2, Hick 

 Ohmer-1, Joe-1, Chesapeake-1 , Beaver-1. Mastodon is 16th on the list although 

 it stands 6th in nursery sales. 



That fruit grovrers received an average of 35 cents of each dollar 



