The figures show, first, that the surface application of lime has 

 affected the reaction of the soil to a depth of 20 to 24 inclics at least. 

 It is not laiown how much deeper an effect was produced because deeper samples 

 were not talcen. Second, the lasting effect of the lime is shov.Ti, 



For practical purposes, a^top-dressing ■' application to Massachusetts 

 untilled grasslands of 1 to 1^ tons/lime every 3 to 5 years, continued until 

 reaction of the soil reaches pH 6.0 to 6,5 to a depth of 8 inches, should 

 prove satisfactory; after that, the reaction may be expected to be maintained 

 by an application of 1 ton of lime every 5 to 10 years. For tilled land 

 it is preferable to work the soil through the ploi-red layer by means of plov; 

 and harrow. 



More About Po or Orchard Soils 



IVorkers at the Cornell Experiment Station have been leaders in re- 

 minding us of something we have alv;ays knovm, that some soils are better for 

 apple trees than others. Moreover, thoy hove told us more than we kncv; be- 

 fore about good and poor orchard soils. A recent publication gives facts 

 concerning yields and returns from various orchards in v;estern Nev/ York as 

 shown below. The soils are rated from 1, (best) to 6, (poorest). 



Bushels per acre 

 Receipts per acre 



Moral — Get rid of unprofitable orchards on the poorest soils 

 and see that new plantings are made only on the best orchard soils. 



The same publication gives some interesting information on the use 

 of spray materials, Tv/enty-five years ago the expense of spray materials 

 per acre vras almost as much for orchards on poor soil as for those on good 

 soils. Now it is over four times as much for orchards on good soils. The 

 expense per vlOO of fruit receipts, however, is no greater on the good or- 

 chards because of higher yields. Expense of spraying the good orchards has 

 increased about four fold in the last 25 years. With increasing costs of 

 spraying and management, the Io'vY producing orchard on a poor soil is in- 

 creasingly at a disadvantage. J, K. Shaw 



P rofits in Ve stern Fruit 



Folks often ask "How can V.'cstcrn fruit men stay in business, con- 

 sidering the lev; prices which they receive for fruit?" The Rural New Yorker 

 presents this explanation based on figures in Better Fruit. 



